Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of candidate predictor variables by fGTOL, the glucose tolerance status after 4 years (2012).
| fGTOL | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (N = 1159) |
NGT (N = 907) |
IGT (N = 183) |
DM (N = 69) |
Assoc p-Value |
Post Hoc (Tukey) |
||
| Variable | Mean ± SD or N (%) | ||||||
| Age | 59.74 ± 8.34 | 59.0 ± 8.32 | 62.54 ± 7.98 | 61.6 ± 8.43 | <0.001 | a,b | |
| Sex | <0.001 | ||||||
| Male | 499 (43.1%) | 401 (55.8%) | 58 (31.7%) | 40 (58.0%) | |||
| Female | 660 (56.9%) | 506 (44.2%) | 125 (68.3%) | 29 (42.0%) | |||
| BMI | 24.13 ± 3.13 | 23.90 ± 3.05 | 25.08 ± 3.30 | 24.58 ± 3.19 | <0.001 | a | |
| Waist | 87.57 ± 8.50 | 86.80 ± 8.35 | 90.08 ± 8.26 | 91.09 ± 8.92 | <0.001 | a,b | |
| sysBP | 119.77 ± 15.74 | 118.34 ± 15.13 | 123.90 ± 16.20 | 127.72 ± 18.04 | <0.001 | a,b | |
| HbA1c | 5.50 ± 0.39 | 5.44 ± 0.36 | 5.62 ± 0.41 | 5.89 ± 0.42 | <0.001 | a,b,c | |
| HOMA-β | 112.86 ± 67.21 | 113.88 ± 69.07 | 116.88 ± 62.10 | 88.77 ± 49.00 | 0.007 | b,c | |
| HOMA-IR | 2.12 ± 1.30 | 2.03 ± 1.27 | 2.50 ± 1.48 | 2.20 ± 0.95 | <0.001 | a | |
| TCHL | 191.75 ± 32.91 | 190.65 ± 31.97 | 195.57 ± 34.79 | 195.99 ± 38.91 | 0.099 | ||
| HDL | 46.10 ± 10.68 | 46.72 ± 10.74 | 44.38 ± 10.61 | 42.39 ± 8.73 | <0.001 | a,b | |
| TG | 132.15 ± 80.21 | 124.82 ± 69.82 | 150.48 ± 90.67 | 179.80 ± 136.70 | <0.001 | a,b,c | |
| ALT | 22.01 ± 15.40 | 21.27 ± 12.97 | 23.08 ± 21.10 | 28.84 ± 23.44 | <0.001 | b,c | |
| AST | 24.64 ± 10.81 | 24.28 ± 88.99 | 24.61 ± 10.36 | 29.38 ± 24.51 | <0.001 | b,c | |
| hsCRP | 1.61 ± 5.08 | 1.63 ± 5.60 | 1.44 ± 2.29 | 3.55 ± 2.71 | 0.863 | ||
| DMFMY | 0.332 | ||||||
| No | 1052 (90.8%) | 827 (91.2%) | 161(88.0%) | 64 (92.8%) | |||
| Yes | 107 (9.2%) | 80 (8.8%) | 22 (12.0%) | 5 (7.2%) | |||
| Smoke | <0.001 | ||||||
| Non- | 777 (67.1%) | 614 (67.7%) | 133 (72.7%) | 30 (33.3%) | |||
| Ex- | 194 (16.7%) | 146 (16.1%) | 32 (17.5%) | 16 (23.2%) | |||
| Current | 188 (16.2%) | 147 (16.2%) | 18 (9.8%) | 23 (43.5%) | |||
| Drink | 0.041 | ||||||
| Non- | 587 (50.6%) | 454 (50.0%) | 106 (57.9%) | 27 (39.1%) | |||
| Ex- | 61 (5.3%) | 45 (5.0%) | 9 (4.9%) | 7 (10.1%) | |||
| Current | 511 (44.1%) | 408 (45.0%) | 68 (37.2%) | 35 (50.7%) | |||
| Exercise | 0.216 | ||||||
| No | 788 (68.0%) | 623 (68.7%) | 115 (62.8%) | 50 (72.5%) | |||
| Yes | 371 (32.0%) | 284 (31.3%) | 68 (37.2%) | 19 (27.5%) | |||
| cGTOL | <0.001 | ||||||
| NGT | 917 (79.1%) | 783 (86.3%) | 109 (59.6%) | 25 (36.2%) | |||
| IGT | 242 (20.9%) | 124 (13.7%) | 74 (40.4%) | 44 (63.8%) | |||
| AhRL (pM) | 2.03 ± 1.24 | 1.73 ± 1.02 | 2.96 ± 1.27 | 3.55 ± 1.42 | <0.001 | a,b,c | |
| MIS-ATP (%) | 91.99 ± 12.06 | 93.79 ± 11.94 | 86.53 ± 10.07 | 82.76 ± 9.66 | <0.001 | a,b | |
| MIS-ROS (%) | 112.31 ± 11.91 | 111.12 ± 10.69 | 116.2 ± 14.17 | 117.46 ± 16.35 | <0.001 | a,b | |
cGTOL, glucose tolerance at the time of data collection (current); fGTOL, glucose tolerance after 4 years (future); BMI, body mass index; Waist, waist circumference; sysBP, systolic blood pressure; TCHL, total cholesterol; HDL, high density cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive peptide; DMFMY, DM family history. “Assoc p-value” is the p-value from ANOVA or chi-square test between each row variable and fGTOL. “Post hoc (Tukey)” presents the significant difference (5% level) of each row variable between a pair of classes of fGTOL from Tukey’s post hoc test; ‘a’ between NGT and IGT of fGTOL, ‘b’ between NGT and DM, and ‘c’ between IGT and DM.