Table 2.
Interpersonal prosociality: descriptive statistics, differences as a function of belief in God, and the moderating effect of normative belief in God
| Outcome | Mean | Variance estimates | Belief in God: Coefficients and estimated means | Country mean: Moderating effect | Belief effect country mean | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Within | Between | γ10 | t-ratio | No | Yes | γ11 | t-ratio | High | Low | ||
| Importance of family | 3.89 | .135 | .004 | .034 | 9.18*** | 3.83 | 3.90 | .004 | < 1 | ||
| Importance of friends | 3.32 | .461 | .042 | .006 | 1.71a | 3.32 | 3.33 | .006 | < 1 | ||
| Trust | |||||||||||
| Family | 3.77 | .252 | .018 | .029 | 6.07*** | 3.71 | 3.77 | .014 | 3.00*** | .087 | .045 |
| Neighbors | 2.85 | .550 | .062 | .030 | 4.66*** | 2.81 | 2.86 | .011 | 2.21* | .081 | .048 |
| People you know | 2.98 | .490 | .093 | .003 | < 1 | ||||||
| People meet first time | 2.04 | .548 | .093 | − .014 | 2.02* | 2.10 | 2.07 | .015 | 2.29* | .060 | .014 |
| People other religions | 2.38 | .609 | .100 | .032 | 5.06*** | 2.38 | 2.45 | − .010 | 1.73a | .038 | .069 |
| People other countries | 2.32 | .596 | .137 | − .017 | 1.94* | 2.41 | 2.37 | − .017 | 4.64*** | .107 | .002 |
| General trust | 22% | CI: 18–26% | − .039 | 2.34* | 24.6% | 22.9% | − .037 | 1.76a | 1.8% | 1.2% | |
Includes covariates. Importance and trust in specific types of people were measured using a 1–4 scale. The last measure was dichotomous. When moderator was significant, estimates of main effects are from analyses containing the moderator
***p < .001; **p < .01; *p < .05; ap < .10