Table 2.

Summary of studies on the effects of tDCS on Schizophrenia (SCZ).

Subjects	tDCS Intervention	Brain Region	Conclusion	Ref.
Adolescent MIS rats	Anodal or cathodal; 50 µA; 20 min × 2/day	Prefrontal cortex	Prevent positive neurological and behavior symptoms of schizophrenia	[48]
Patients with refractory auditory verbal hallucinations	Anodal and cathodal; 2 mA; 20 min × 2/day	Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (anodal) and temporoparietal junction (cathodal)	Significant improvement on AHRS for up to 3 months.	[33,49]
SCZ patients18–25 years of age	Anodal and cathodal; 2 mA; 20 min × 2/day	Dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex (an-odal) and temporo-parietal junction (cathodal)	Amelioration of negative symptoms, except passive/apathetic withdrawal and stereotyped thinking, that lasted up to 6 weeks after the end of the trial.	[50]
SCZ patients	Eight cognitive training sessions (two session/day) combined with anodal, 2 mA, 30 min	Dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex	tDCS therapy leads to improvements in working memory, and a positive effect on retention of learning	[51]

MIS—maternal immune stimulation. AHRS—Auditory Hallucination Rating Scale.