Table 1.
Results from recent epidemiological studies and meta-analysis showing the lack of correlation between dietary cholesterol and blood cholesterol.
| Population/Number of Studies | Association Assessed | Main Result | Reference (Year) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 177,555 adults from PURE, TRASCEND and ONTARGET studies | Egg consumption with blood lipids and CVD | Higher egg intake is not associated with TC, LDL, TG, HDL, total mortality, or CVD. | [23] (2020) |
| 8095 hypertense adults from the China Health and Nutrition Survey | Cholesterol intake from eggs and other sources and mortality | Cholesterol from eggs but not other sources is associated with lower mortality. | [28] (2020) |
| 8358 Chinese adults | Dietary cholesterol and dyslipidemia | Cholesterol intake is associated with lower plasma TG and higher HDL-cholesterol in women, but not men. Cholesterol from eggs is associated with lower risk of dyslipidemia. |
[34] (2022) |
| Three large cohort studies: NHS (1980–2012), NHS II (1991–2017) and HPFS (1986–2016). 16 prospective cohort studies (6 American, 8 European, and 2 Asian) |
Egg intake and CVD risk | An increase of one egg per day is not associated with any CVD risk. Egg intake is associated with lower CVD risk in Asian populations. | [39] (2017) |
| 39 prospective cohort studies from North America, Europe, and Asia | Egg consumption and the risk of CVD, CHD, and stroke | Consumption of six eggs per week has an inverse association with CVD events (but not stroke), when compared to no intake. No association is found for stroke. | [35] (2021) |
| 40 studies with participants without diagnosed CVD | No association between dietary cholesterol and coronary artery disease (CAD), ischemic stroke, or hemorrhagic stroke. Dietary cholesterol increases total blood cholesterol, without affecting LDL/HDL ratio. |
[36] (2015) | |
| NHS (1980–2012), NHS II (1991–2017) and HPFS (1986–2016). 16 prospective cohort studies (6 American, 8 European, and 2 Asian) |
Eegg intake and the risk of developing T2DM | Higher egg intake is associated with lower prevalence of hypercholesterolemia. | [42] (2020) |
CVD: cardiovascular disease; CHD: coronary heart disease; TC: total cholesterol; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; TG: Triglyceride; NHS: the Nurses’ Health Study; HPFS: the Health Professional Follow up Study.