Table 3.
Occupational burnout in participants during COVID-19 outbreak among HCWs stratified by socio-demographic variables
| Variables | Emotional Exhaustion | Depersonalization | Personal Accomplishment | Occupational Burn out | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mild N (%) |
Moderate N (%) |
Severe N (%) |
p-value* | Mild N (%) |
Moderate N (%) |
Severe N (%) |
p-value* | Mild N (%) |
Moderate N (%) |
Severe N (%) |
p-value* | Yes | No | p-value* | ||
| Gender | Female | 1727 (22.6%) | 1802 (23.6%) | 2053 (26.9%) | < 0.001 | 499 (6.5%) | 2388 (31.3%) | 2695 (35.3%) | 0.011 | 1315 (17.2%) | 1088 (14.3%) | 3179 (41.7%) | < 0.001 | 1090 (14.3%) | 4492 (58.9%) | < 0.001 |
| Male | 881 (11.6%) | 609 (8.0%) | 554 (7.3%) | 217 (2.8%) | 808 (10.6%) | 1019 (13.4%) | 587 (7.7%) | 362 (4.7%) | 1095 (14.4%) | 305 (4.0%) | 1739 (22.8%) | |||||
| Having children | Yes | 1045 (13.7%) | 851 (11.2%) | 798 (10.5%) | 0 < 0.01 | 242 (3.2%) | 1365 (17.9%) | 1087 (14.3%) | < 0.001 | 872 (11.4%) | 558 (7.3%) | 1264 (16.6%) | < 0.001 | 352 (4.6%) | 2342 (30.7%) | < 0.001 |
| No | 1563 (20.5%) | 1560 (20.5%) | 1809 (23.7%) | 474 (6.2%) | 1831 (24.0%) | 2627 (34.4%) | 1030 (13.5%) | 892 (11.7%) | 3010 (39.5%) | 1043 (13.7%) | 3889 (51.0%) | |||||
| Age | 20–30 | 1322 (17.3%) | 1366 (17.9%) | 1599 (21.0%) | < 0.001 | 425 (5.6%) | 1449 (19.0%) | 2413 (31.6%) | < 0.001 | 822 (10.8%) | 804 (10.5%) | 2661 (34.9%) | < 0.001 | 935 (12.3%) | 3352 (44.0%) | < 0.001 |
| 31–40 | 817 (10.7%) | 731 (9.6%0 | 738 (9.7%) | 211 (2.8%) | 1107 (14.5%) | 968 (12.7%) | 617 (8.1%) | 436 (5.7%) | 1233 (16.2%) | 364 (4.8%) | 1922 (25.2%) | |||||
| 41–50 | 356 (4.7%) | 246 (3.2%) | 227 (3.0%) | 64 (0.8%) | 501 (6.6%) | 264 (3.5%) | 347 (4.6%) | 169 (2.2%) | 313 (4.1%) | 80 (1.0%) | 749 (9.8%) | |||||
| 16 (0.2%) | 208 (2.7%) | |||||||||||||||
| > 50 | 113 (1.5%) | 68 (0.9%) | 43 (0.6%) | 16 (0.2%) | 139 (1.8%) | 69 (0.9%) | 116 (1.5%) | 41 (0.5%) | 67 (0.9%) | |||||||
| Marital status | Single | 1038 (13.6%) | 978 (12.8%) | 1160 (15.2%) | 0.001 | 284 (3.7%) | 1170 (15.3%) | 1722 (22.6%) | < 0.001 | 671 (8.8%) | 571 (7.5%) | 1934 (25.4%) | < 0.001 | 682 (8.9%) | 2494 (32.7%) | < 0.001 |
| Married | 1503 (19.7%) | 1382 (18.1%) | 1372 (18.0%) | 414 (5.4%) | 1944 (25.5%) | 1899 (24.9%) | 1174 (15.4%) | 844 (11.1%) | 2239 (29.4%) | 670 (8.8%) | 3587 (47.0%) | |||||
| Divorced/widowed | 67 (0.9%) | 51 (0.7%) | 75 (1.0%) | 18 (0.2%) | 82 (1.1%) | 93 (1.2%) | 57 (0.7%) | 35 (0.5%) | 101 (1.3%) | 43 (0.6%) | 150 (2.0%) | |||||
| Work experience | 0–5 | 1267 (16.6%) | 1237 (16.2%) | 1405 (18.4%) | < 0.001 | 403 (5.3%) | 1382 (18.1%) | 2124 (27.9%) | < 0.001 | 780 10.2%) | 734 (9.6%) | 2395 (31.4%) | < 0.001 | 813 (10.7%) | 3096 (40.6%) | < 0.001 |
| 6–10 | 527 (6.9%) | 492 (6.5%) | 566 (7.4%) | 148 (1.9%) | 664 (8.7%) | 773 (10.1%) | 377 (4.9%) | 286 (3.8%) | 922 (12.1%) | 314 (4.1%) | 1271 (16.7%) | |||||
| 11–15 | 376 (4.9%) | 372 (4.9%) | 352 (4.6%) | 87 (1.1%) | 535 (7.0%) | 478 (6.3%) | 318 (4.2%) | 277 (3.0%) | 555 (7.3%) | 161 (2.1%) | 939 (12.3%) | |||||
| 16–20 | 210 (2.8%) | 171 (2.2%) | 150 (2.0%) | 44 (0.6%) | 303 (4.0%) | 184 (2.4%) | 196 (2.6%) | 104 (1.4%) | 231 (3.0%) | 65 (0.9%) | 466 (6.1%) | |||||
| 21–25 | 126 (1.7%) | 94 (1.2%) | 90 (1.2%) | 18 (0.2%) | 190 (2.5%) | 102 (1.3%) | 132 (1.7%) | 69 (0.9%) | 109 (1.4%) | 25 (0.3%) | 285 (3.7%) | |||||
| 26–30 | 102 (1.3%) | 45 (0.6%) | 44 (0.6%) | 16 (0.2%) | 122 (1.6%) | 53 (0.7%) | 99 (1.3%) | 30 (0.4%) | 62 (0.8%) | 17 (0.2%) | 174 (2.3%) | |||||
| Level of education | Undergraduate | 412 (5.4%) | 253 (3.3%) | 223 (2.9%) | < 0.001 | 117 (1.5%) | 379 (5.0%) | 392 (5.1%) | < 0.001 | 260 (3.4%) | 171 (2.2%) | 457 (6.0%) | < 0.001 | 99 (1.3%) | 789 (10.3%) | < 0.001 |
| Bachelor’s degree | 1677 (22.0%) | 1738 (22.8%) | 1908 (25.0%) | 494 (6.5%) | 2117 (27.8%) | 2712 (35.6%) | 1196 (15.7%) | 1014 (13.3%) | 3113 (40.8%) | 1058 (13.9%) | 4265 (55.9%) | |||||
| Master’s and Ph.D. degree | 240 (3.1%) | 202 (2.6%) | 186 (2.4%) | 58 (0.8%) | 320 (4.2%) | 250 (3.3%) | 197 (2.6%) | 105 (1.4%) | 326 (4.3%) | 86 (1.1%) | 542 (7.1%) | |||||
| General & special professional doctorate | 279 (3.7%) | 218 (2.9%) | 290 (3.8%) | 47 (0.6%) | 380 (5.0%) | 360 (4.7%) | 249 (3.3%) | 160 (2.1%) | 378 (5.0%) | 152 (2.0%) | 635 (8.3%) | |||||
| Occupation | Clinician | 406 (5.3%) | 312 (4.1%) | 380 (5.0%) | < 0.001 | 95 (1.2%) | 497 (6.5%) | 506 (6.6%) | < 0.001 | 322 (4.2%) | 213 (2.8%) | 563 (7.4%) | < 0.001 | 199 (2.6%) | 899 (11.8%) | < 0.001 |
| Nurse | 1323 (17.3%) | 1476 (19.4%) | 1610 (21.1%) | 374 (4.9%) | 1645 (21.6%) | 2390 (31.3%) | 970 (12.7%) | 830 (10.9%) | 2609 (34.2%) | 904 (11.9%) | 3505 (46.0%) | |||||
| Others | 879 (11.5%) | 623 (8.2%) | 617 (8.1%) | 247 (3.3%) | 1054 (13.8%) | 818 (10.1%) | 610 (8.0%) | 407 (5.3%) | 1102 (14.5%) | 292 (3.8%) | 1827 (23.9%) | |||||
| Working in isolated wards | Yes | 1026 (13.5%) | 1082 (14.2%) | 1312 (17.2%) | < 0.001 | 262 (3.4%) | 1301 (17.1%) | 1857 (24.4%) | < 0.001 | 850 (11.1%) | 670 (8.8%) | 1900 (24.9%) | 0.504 | 724 (9.5%) | 2696 (35.4%) | < 0.001 |
| No | 1582 (20.7%) | 1329 (17.4%) | 1295 (17.0%) | 454 (6.0%) | 1895 (24.8%) | 1857 (24.4%) | 1052 (13.8%) | 780 (10.2%) | 2374 (56.4%) | 671 (8.8%) | 3535 (46.4%) | |||||
| Working hours with COVID-19 patients | < 4 | 1326 (17.4%) | 995 (13.1%) | 875 (11.5%) | < 0.001 | 374 (4.9%) | 1446 (18.9%) | 1376 (18.1%) | < 0.001 | 771 (10.2%) | 576 (7.6%) | 1849 (24.2%) | 0.049 | 452 (6.0%) | 2744 (35.9%) | < 0.001 |
| 4–8 | 881 (11.6%) | 1024 (13.5%) | 11.69 (15.3%) | 225 (2.9%) | 1264 (16.6%) | 1585 (20.7%) | 776 (10.2%) | 612 (8.1%) | 1686 (22.1%) | 626 (8.2%) | 2448 (11.6%) | |||||
| > 8 | 401 (5.3%) | 392 (5.1%) | 563 (7.4%) | 117 (1.5%) | 486 (6.4%) | 753 (9.9%) | 355 (4.7%) | 262 (3.4%) | 739 (9.7%) | 317 (4.2%) | 1039 (13.6%) | |||||
| History of physical illness | Yes | 429 (5.6%) | 467 (6.1%) | 604 (7.9%) | < 0.001 | 124 (1.6%) | 629 (8.2%) | 744 (9.8%) | 0.245 | 421 (5.5%) | 282 (3.7%) | 794 (10.4%) | 0.005 | 295 (3.9%) | 1202 (15.8%) | 0.117 |
| No | 2179 (28.6%) | 1947 (25.5%) | 2003 (26.3%) | 592 (7.8%) | 2567 (33.7%) | 2970 (38.9%) | 1481 (19.4%) | 1168 (15.3%) | 3480 (45.6%) | 1100 (14.4%) | 5029 (65.9%) | |||||
| History of psychiatric disorders | Yes | 139 (1.8%) | 177 (2.3%) | 323 (4.2%) | < 0.001 | 52 (0.7%) | 236 (3.1%) | 351 (4.6%) | 0.004 | 102 (1.3%) | 114 (1.5%) | 423 (5.5%) | < 0.001 | 181 (2.4%) | 458 (6.0%) | < 0.001 |
| No | 2469 (32.4%) | 2234 (29.3%) | 2284 (30.0%) | 664 (8.7%) | 2960 (38.8%) | 3363 (44.1%) | 1800 (23.6%) | 1336 (17.5%) | 3851 (50.5%) | 1214 (15.9%) | 5773 (75.7%) | |||||
*Chi square test