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. 2022 May 7;10(5):981. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10050981

Table 3.

Calculated prevalence and bacterial counts for the control groups and the simulated management measures on flocks with 90 chickens (100 iterations).

Scenario Feeding Duration [Days] Prevalence *
[%]		 ESBL-Producing E. coli
in Feces *
[log10 CFU/g]		 ESBL-Producing E. coli
in Litter *
[log10 CFU/g]
Maximum On Day Maximum On Day Maximum On Day
Reference groups
Chicks positive 36 99.38 ± 1.98 6 4.63 ± 4.08 20 3.9 ± 3.47 18
Pen positive 36 99.79 ± 0.61 7 4.51 ± 3.85 26 3.68 ± 3.36 20
Management measure 3000 g litter/m2
Chicks positive 36 98.53 ± 6.24 11 4.19 ± 3.92 34 3.25 ± 3.04 30
Pen positive 36 32.46 ± 4.42 3 1.48 ± 1.14 3 1.47 ± Inf 1
Management measure 6000 g litter/m2
Chicks positive 36 57.23 ± 25.11 7 2.63 ± 2.37 2 1.13 ± 0.77 3
Pen positive 36 0 0 0 0 1.18 ± Inf 1
Management measure 9000 g litter/m2
Chicks positive 36 29.72 ± 16.97 5 2.64 ± 2.43 2 0.94 ± 0.59 3
Pen positive 36 0 0 0 0 1.01 ± Inf 1
Management measure slow growing breed
Chicks positive 47 99.59 ± 1.82 6 4.23 ± 4.01 25 3.4 ± 3.33 21
Pen positive 47 99.19 ± 1 5 4.01 ± 3.7 30 3.11 ± 2.84 27
Management measure stocking density 25 kg/m2
Chicks positive 36 99.16 ± 4.15 7 4.5 ± 4.04 22 3.7 ± 3.29 21
Pen positive 36 90.64 ± 28.71 16 4.1 ± 3.98 30 3.2 ± 3.04 32
Management measure stocking density 20 kg/m2
Chicks positive 36 99.04 ± 5.68 7 4.44 ± 3.92 26 3.59 ± 3.15 23
Pen positive 36 49.28 ± 5.21 3 2.7 ± 3.43 35 1.71 ± 2.45 35
Combination of measures litter 3000 g/m2 and stocking density 20 kg/m2 (Combination 1)
Chicks positive 36 56.91 ± 28.45 8 2.61 ± 2.38 2 1.47 ± 1.93 37
Pen positive 36 0 0 0 0 1.19 ± Inf 1
Combination of measures breed RxR, litter 3000 g/m2 and stocking density 25 kg/m2 (Combination 2)
Chicks positive 47 72.03 ± 28 6 3.3 ± 3.07 2 1.41 ± 1.14 4
Pen positive 47 32.12 ± 5.09 3 1.29 ± 0.95 3 1.37 ± Inf 1
Measure on microbiota: reduced growth of ESBL E. coli in the intestine
Chicks positive 36 20.68 ± 6.97 3 1.71 ± 1.46 2 0.81 ± 0.56 2
Pen positive 36 77.04 ± 4.79 4 1.25 ± 0.63 3 1.9 ± Inf 1

* Both the average of the prevalence and the CFU values per gram litter are calculated over all iterations. The excreted CFU values are obtained by calculating the average over all animals in one iteration at first and then over all iterations. The decadic logarithm of zero or negative values is negative infinite (-Inf).