Table 5.
Identification of volatile compounds by GC-MS of the extracts of V. vinifera stem (with derivatization) ) (CYHA: cyclohexane, DCM: dichloromethane, EtOAc: ethyl acetate, MeOH: methanol).
| No. | RI | Compound | Maceration | ASE | Ref. | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fractional Extraction | Fractional Extraction | ||||||||||||||
| Aqueous | CYHA | DCM | EtOAc | MeOH | H2O | Aqueous | CYHA | DCM | EtOAc | MeOH | H2O | ||||
| 1 | 1013 | Pentanoic acid | X | X | [65] | ||||||||||
| 2 | 1094 | Hexanoic acid | X | X | X | X | [66] | ||||||||
| 3 | 1112 | Glycolic acid | X | [66] | |||||||||||
| 4 | 1187 | Hydracrylic acid | X | [67] | |||||||||||
| 5 | 1199 | 3-Hydroxybutyric acid | X | [68] | |||||||||||
| 6 | 1283 | 4-Hydroxybutanoic acid | X | [69] | |||||||||||
| 7 | 1377 | Butanedioic acid | X | X | X | [70] | |||||||||
| 8 | 1436 | Resorcinol | X | X | X | [71] | |||||||||
| 9 | 1517 | Decanoic acid | X | [72] | |||||||||||
| 10 | 1636 | 2,6-Bis(tert-butyl)phenol | X | X | [73] | ||||||||||
| 11 | 1710 | Tartaric acid | X | X | X | [74] | |||||||||
| 12 | 1926 | 2,2′-Methylenebis(6-tert-butyl-4 methylphenol) | X | X | [75] | ||||||||||
| 13 | 2043 | Pentadecanoic acid | X | [76] | |||||||||||
| 14 | 2064 | Palmitic Acid | X | X | X | X | X | X | [76] | ||||||
| 15 | 2074 | Gallic acid | X | [21] | |||||||||||
| 16 | 2128 | Resveratrol | X | [21] | |||||||||||
| 17 | 2342 | 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)- | X | [77] | |||||||||||
X: detected.