Table 1.
Research on the biogenesis and release of exosomes.
| Protein | Material Used in Study | Used for Exosome Definition | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| ESCRT-Dependent | |||
| Hrs | DCs, HeLa-CIITA | MHC-II, VPS4B, Tsg101, CD63, HSC70, CD81 |
[43,44,45] |
| STAM1 | HeLa-CIITA | CD63, CD81, MHC-II, HSC70 | [43] |
| Tsg101 (VPS23) | HeLa-CIITA, MCF-7, DCs, MDCK | CD63, CD81, MHC-II, HSC70, syndecan-1, ALIX |
[43,45,46,47] |
| CHMP4C (SNF7C) | HeLa-CIITA | CD63, CD81, MHC-II, HSC70 | [43] |
| CHMP4B (SNF7B) | HeLa-CIITA | TSG101, RAB5, HRS | [48] |
| Alix | HeLa-CIITA, MCF-7, DCs | CD63, CD81, MHC-II, HSC70, syndecan-1, TSG101, RAB5, HRS |
[43,46,48] |
| VPS4 | HeLa-CIITA, MCF-7, DCs | CD63, CD81, MHC-II, HSC70, syndecan-1 |
[43,46] |
| Syntenin | MCF-7 | CD63, HSP70 | [46] |
| Syndecan | MCF-7 | CD63, HSP70, Alix | [46] |
| ESCRT-Independent | |||
| nSMase2 | Oli-neu, HEp-2 | PLP, Hrs, Tsg101 | [49,50] |
| PLD2 | RBL-2H3, MCF-7 | Syntenin, ALIX, CD63, SDC1CTF |
[46,51,52] |
| DGKα | J-HM1–2.2 | CD63, β-Actin, Fasl | [53] |
| CD9 | HEK293, BMDCs | β-Catenin, Flotillin-1 | [54] |
| CD82 | HEK293 | β-Catenin | [54] |
| CD63 | HEK293, Rat1, HK1, DG-75, MNT-1, HeLa | HSC70, Calnexin, CD81 | [55,56] |
| RAB31 | HEK-293T, HeLa | Flotillin-1, Flotillin-2, CD9, CD81, CD63, Tsg101, Alix |
[57] |
| Exosome Release | |||
| RAB11 | K562, Drosophila S2 | Transferrin receptor, Lyn, HSC70, Evi | [58,59,60] |
| RAB27a/b | HeLa-CIITA, Human peripheral blood, 4T1 | CD63,Tsg101, Hsc70, Hsp70, VLA-4, Hsp90, Alix |
[61] |
| RAB35 | HepG2 | CD63, Tsg101 | [62] |
| RalA, RalB | 4T1 | ALIX, CD63, HSC70, TSG101 | [63] |
| VAMP7 | K562 | Acetylcholinesterase activity | [64] |
| YKT6 | A549 | Tsg101 | [65] |
| Tetherin | HeLa | CD63, ALIX, TSG101 | [66] |
ESCRT: endosomal sorting complex required for transport.