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. 2022 Apr 28;14(5):960. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050960

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa strains, showing biomass measurements, based on OD at 550 nm after 48 h exposure and the application of free tobramycin and different liposomal formulations. (A) PA01 as the control strain; and (B) MDR 7067 as the resistant strain. PA01 biofilm formation was reduced considerably with tobramycin-loaded liposomes and tobramycin and IDR-1018 peptide-loaded liposomes, with the activity being more significant (p < 0.05) than the free tobramycin. The increase in biofilm formation was observed gradually with the increasing tobramycin concentration. Results are represented as mean ± SD (n = 3). OD: optical density. Positive and negative controls are wells containing only bacterium and culture medium, respectively, without adding any treatment.