Table 2.
Multivariate Cox proportional risk regression analysis of dietary magnesium intake to MetS and its components [HR (95% CI)].
| Quintile of Dietary Magnesium Intake (mg/day) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | p trend | |
| Metabolic syndrome a | ||||||
| Median (mg/day) | 202.82 | 242.35 | 271.36 | 305.33 | 370.72 | |
| Model 1 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.77 (0.67, 0.90) * | 0.74 (0.64, 0.85) * | 0.81 (0.70, 0.93) * | 0.91 (0.79, 1.04) | 0.96 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.79 (0.68, 0.91) * | 0.76 (0.65, 0.88) * | 0.84 (0.72, 0.96) * | 0.95 (0.82,1.09) | 0.60 |
| Model 3 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.76 (0.65, 0.88) * | 0.72 (0.62, 0.82) * | 0.79 (0.68, 0.92) * | 0.92 (0.78,1.09) | 0.86 |
| Model 4 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.75 (0.64, 0.88) * | 0.69 (0.59, 0.80) * | 0.76 (0.65, 0.88) * | 0.84 (0.71, 0.99) * | 0.32 |
| Central obesity b | ||||||
| Median (mg/day) | 195.81 | 238.45 | 268.15 | 304.03 | 369.22 | |
| Model 1 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.80 (0.69, 0.93) * | 0.65 (0.56, 0.75) * | 0.70 (0.61, 0.81) * | 0.89 (0.77,1.02) | 0.13 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.80 (0.69, 0.93) * | 0.66 (0.57, 0.77) * | 0.70 (0.60, 0.81) * | 0.89 (0.77,1.02) | 0.12 |
| Model 3 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.77 (0.66, 0.90) * | 0.63 (0.54, 0.74) * | 0.66 (0.57, 0.78) * | 0.88 (0.74,1.04) | 0.07 |
| Model 4 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.80 (0.68, 0.94) * | 0.64 (0.54, 0.75) * | 0.65 (0.55, 0.77) * | 0.82 (0.69, 0.98) * | <0.05 |
| Elevated TG c | ||||||
| Median (mg/day) | 194.14 | 236.18 | 265.51 | 300.72 | 365.54 | |
| Model 1 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.70 (0.61, 0.80) * | 0.57 (0.50, 0.65) * | 0.57 (0.50, 0.65) * | 0.66 (0.58, 0.75) * | <0.05 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.71 (0.62, 0.81) * | 0.59 (0.51, 0.67) * | 0.58 (0.50, 0.66) * | 0.67 (0.59, 0.77) * | <0.05 |
| Model 3 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.66 (0.58, 0.75) * | 0.54 (0.47, 0.62) * | 0.52 (0.45, 0.59) * | 0.60 (0.51, 0.70) * | <0.05 |
| Model 4 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.67 (0.59, 0.77) * | 0.56 (0.49, 0.65) * | 0.52 (0.45, 0.60) * | 0.59 (0.51, 0.70) * | <0.05 |
| Decreased HDL-C d | ||||||
| Median (mg/day) | 202.89 | 243.64 | 273.21 | 307.60 | 371.13 | |
| Model 1 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.93 (0.79,1.10) | 0.78 (0.66, 0.92) * | 0.97 (0.82,1.13) | 1.11 (0.95,1.30) | <0.05 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.94 (0.79,1.11) | 0.78 (0.66, 0.92) * | 0.96 (0.82,1.13) | 1.12 (0.95,1.31) | <0.05 |
| Model 3 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.93 (0.78,1.10) | 0.77 (0.65, 0.92) * | 0.98 (0.82,1.16) | 1.23(1.03,1.48) * | <0.05 |
| Model 4 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.91 (0.76,1.09) | 0.77 (0.65, 0.93) * | 0.96 (0.80,1.14) | 1.21(1.00,1.47) * | <0.05 |
| Elevated BP e | ||||||
| Median (mg/day) | 196.72 | 238.93 | 269.01 | 304.21 | 365.07 | |
| Model 1 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.73(0,64, 0.84) * | 0.71 (0.62, 0.81) * | 0.72 (0.64, 0.82) * | 0.83 (0.73, 0.94) * | 0.10 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.74 (0.64, 0.84) * | 0.71 (0.62, 0.81) * | 0.72 (0.63, 0.82) * | 0.83 (0.73, 0.94) * | 0.10 |
| Model 3 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.71 (0.62, 0.82) * | 0.68 (0.59, 0.78) * | 0.69 (0.60, 0.79) * | 0.83 (0.71, 0.96) * | 0.16 |
| Model 4 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.72 (0.63, 0.83) * | 0.67 (0.58, 0.77) * | 0.70 (0.61, 0.81) * | 0.80 (0.69, 0.94) * | 0.08 |
| Elevated FPG f | ||||||
| Median (mg/day) | 195.46 | 237.58 | 267.21 | 303.01 | 366.81 | |
| Model 1 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.71 (0.63, 0.80) * | 0.56 (0.50, 0.63) * | 0.57 (0.51, 0.64) * | 0.63 (0.56, 0.70) * | <0.05 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.73 (0.64, 0.82) * | 0.57 (0.51, 0.65) * | 0.58 (0.51, 0.65) * | 0.64 (0.57, 0.72) * | <0.05 |
| Model 3 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.68 (0.60, 0.77) * | 0.53 (0.47, 0.60) * | 0.52 (0.46, 0.60) * | 0.60 (0.52, 0.69) * | <0.05 |
| Model 4 | 1.00 (ref) | 0.68 (0.60, 0.77) * | 0.53 (0.46, 0.60) * | 0.51 (0.45, 0.58) * | 0.58 (0.50, 0.67) * | <0.05 |
* p < 0.05. a n = 6104. b n = 4976. c n = 7918. d n = 5430. e n = 5768. f n = 7977. Model 1 adjusted age, sex, education, urban and rural areas, and income; In model 2, smoking, drinking and physical activity levels were further adjusted based on Model 1. In Model 3, energy, dietary fiber and calcium were further adjusted based on Model 2. Model 4 further adjusted BMI on the basis of Model 3.