Fig. 3.

In vitro evaluation of disinfectant effectiveness. The ethanol concentration was defined as an explanatory variable (X-axis), and the log virus titre concentration was defined as an explained variable (Y-axis). The results of the log virus titre concentration are expressed as the mean ± standard error. Nonlinear regression analyses were conducted using a 4-parameter logistic model. The upper and lower confidence limits of the regression curves are omitted. The ethanol concentration required to achieve a logarithmic decrease of 3.5 in virus titre concentration in a 15 s disinfection reaction (notated as the required ethanol concentration) was defined as the X values when the Y values of the regression curves were 1.0.