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Exposure effects of gold nanostars (GNP-1, GNP-2), nanospheres (GNP-3, GNP-4), and nanorods (GNP-5, GNP-6) on cell viability and IL-1β and IL-18 production of THP-1-derived cells. THP-1 cells were PMA-stimulated for 3 h, allowed to rest for 24 h, and exposed for 48 h, after which, cell viability and cytokine production were measured. Percentage of untreated controls. Representative result of N = 2 (nanostars, nanospheres) or N = 3 (nanorods) independent experiments.
