Figure 5.

(A) Histopathological assessment of the paw tissues of rats. The rats were sacrificed at the endpoints of these experiments. The paw tissues of these rats were then excised and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde. The histological sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Microscopy at magnifications of 40×, 100× and 400× are shown for typical areas for each of the five groups. The control group possessed normal paw tissue. Increased inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in the paw tissue of FCA-injected AIA rats in the model group. Treatment with DXMS and BHA partially prevented inflammation in the paw tissues of AIA rats. The black arrow indicates neutrophile, and the blue arrow indicates macrophage. (B) Quantification of the pro-inflammatory cells. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 5), **** p < 0.0001 relative to the model group; ^## p < 0.01 was relative to the DXMS treatment group.