Table 5.
Univariate and multivariate analysis of risk factors associated with osteoporotic fractures.
| Osteoporotic Fracture | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariable Model | Multivariable Model | |||
| OR (95% CI) | p-Value | OR (95% CI) | p-Value | |
| Age | 1.04 (1.01, 1.07) | 0.015 | 0.98 (0.91, 1.06) | 0.683 |
| Sex (Men) | 0.92 (0.38, 2.19) | 0.844 | ||
| Menopause | 1.19 (0.44, 3.23) | 0.734 | ||
| Disease duration | 0.99 (0.98, 1.00) | 0.097 | 0.98 (0.96, 1.01) | 0.12 |
| BMI | 1.03 (0.92, 1.15) | 0.648 | ||
| HLA-B27 positivity | 1.42 (0.31, 6.47) | 0.652 | ||
| ESR | 1.01 (0.99, 1.02) | 0.862 | ||
| CRP | 0.98 (0.85, 1.14) | 0.822 | ||
| Syndesmophyte | 2.03 (0.85, 4.86) | 0.113 | ||
| mSASSS | 1.03 (1.01, 1.05) | 0.007 | 1.03 (1.01, 1.06) | 0.043 * |
| Glucocorticoid cumulative dose | 1.05 (0.88, 1.26) | 0.571 | ||
| Biologics use | 1.14 (0.49, 2.61) | 0.766 | ||
| PPI use | 1.9 (0.77, 4.66) | 0.164 | ||
| FRAX with BMD | 6.35 (2.07, 19.5) | 0.001 | 8.56 (2.32, 31.5) | 0.001 * |
| FRAX without BMD | 6.19 (2.11, 18.1) | 0.001 | 2.67 (0.47, 15.3) | 0.271 |
| BMD by DXA | 1.01 (0.36, 2.85) | 0.99 | ||
BMI, body mass index; HLA, human leukocyte antigen; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP, C-reactive protein; mSASSS, modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Score; PPI, proton pump inhibitor; FRAX, Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (%, 10-year probability of major osteoporotic and vertebral fracture, respectively, corresponding to patients aged ≥40 years); BMD, bone mineral density; DXA, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Bold statistics denote p-value ≤ 0.1 and * p < 0.05.