Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of esophageal cancer participants after propensity score overlap weighting adjustment.
| Characteristics | After PS Overlap Weighting Adjustment | After PS Overlap Weighting Adjustment in Esophageal Cancer Pts | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Esophageal Cancer | Control | SMD | Deceased pts | Survived pts | SMD | |
| Total participants (n, %) | 811 (100) | 3244 (100) | 341 (100) | 470 (100) | ||
| Age, % | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||
| 40–44 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.10 | 0.10 | ||
| 45–49 | 1.54 | 1.54 | 1.47 | 1.47 | ||
| 50–54 | 6.25 | 6.25 | 6.51 | 6.51 | ||
| 55–59 | 10.90 | 10.90 | 11.59 | 11.59 | ||
| 60–64 | 15.43 | 15.43 | 15.94 | 15.94 | ||
| 65–69 | 22.77 | 22.77 | 22.12 | 22.12 | ||
| 70–74 | 20.56 | 20.56 | 20.90 | 20.90 | ||
| 75–79 | 15.14 | 15.14 | 14.52 | 14.52 | ||
| 80–84 | 5.59 | 5.59 | 5.21 | 5.21 | ||
| 85+ | 1.60 | 1.60 | 1.64 | 1.64 | ||
| Sex, % | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||
| Male | 92.98 | 92.98 | 93.46 | 93.46 | ||
| Female | 7.02 | 7.02 | 6.54 | 6.54 | ||
| Income, % | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||
| 1 (lowest) | 16.94 | 16.94 | 16.71 | 16.71 | ||
| 2 | 14.10 | 14.10 | 12.56 | 12.56 | ||
| 3 | 16.13 | 16.13 | 17.27 | 17.27 | ||
| 4 | 21.92 | 21.92 | 23.55 | 23.55 | ||
| 5 (highest) | 30.92 | 30.92 | 29.91 | 29.91 | ||
| Region of residence, % | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||
| Urban | 38.42 | 38.42 | 39.55 | 39.55 | ||
| Rural | 61.58 | 61.58 | 60.45 | 60.45 | ||
| Obesity †, % | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||
| Underweight | 5.82 | 5.82 | 5.95 | 5.95 | ||
| Normal | 46.86 | 46.86 | 51.63 | 51.63 | ||
| Overweight | 25.34 | 25.34 | 23.80 | 23.80 | ||
| Obese I | 21.00 | 21.00 | 18.02 | 18.02 | ||
| Obese II | 0.98 | 0.98 | 0.60 | 0.60 | ||
| Smoking status, % | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||
| Nonsmoker | 42.92 | 42.92 | 38.91 | 38.91 | ||
| Past smoker | 22.50 | 22.50 | 21.92 | 21.92 | ||
| Current smoker | 34.58 | 34.58 | 39.17 | 39.17 | ||
| Alcohol consumption, % | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||
| <1 time a week | 46.71 | 46.71 | 42.65 | 42.65 | ||
| ≥1 time a week | 53.29 | 53.29 | 57.35 | 57.35 | 0.00 | |
| SBP (Mean, SD) | 129.53 (14.48) | 129.53 (6.73) | 0.00 | 129.41 (10.10) | 129.41 (12.64) | 0.00 |
| DBP (Mean, SD) | 78.79 (8.57) | 78.79 (4.18) | 0.00 | 78.72 (5.75) | 78.72 (7.78) | 0.00 |
| Fasting blood glucose (Mean, SD) | 104.48 (22.57) | 104.48 (12.57) | 0.00 | 104.23 (15.74) | 104.23 (19.57) | 0.00 |
| Total cholesterol (Mean, SD) | 188.18 (30.98) | 188.18 (14.88) | 0.00 | 185.96 (21.90) | 185.96 (26.55) | 0.00 |
| CCI score (Mean, SD) | 2.38 (1.93) | 2.38 (1.05) | 0.00 | 3.14 (1.51) | 3.14 (1.79) | 0.00 |
| GERD episodes for 1 year before index date (Mean, SD) | 0.93 (1.48) | 0.93 (1.12) | 0.00 | 1.27 (1.38) | 1.27 (1.50) | 0.00 |
| Treatment type, % | 0.00 | |||||
| No records of treatment | - | - | 34.65 | 34.65 | ||
| Surgery only | - | - | 16.04 | 16.04 | ||
| Surgery + RT or CT | - | - | 49.31 | 49.31 | ||
Abbreviations: PS—propensity score; SMD—standardized mean difference; pts—patients; CCI—Charlson Comorbidity Index; SBP—systolic blood pressure; DBP—diastolic blood pressure; SD—standard deviation; GERD—gastroesophageal reflux disease; CT—chemotherapy; RT—radiotherapy. † Obesity (BMI—body mass index, kg/m2) was categorized as <18.5 (underweight), ≥18.5 to <23 (normal), ≥23 to <25 (overweight), ≥25 to <30 (obese I), and ≥30 (obese II).