Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of HIV/COVID-19 coinfected patients relating to the occurrence of radiological changes in chest X-rays or computed tomography.
| Characteristic | All n = 224 | Radiological Changes |
p-Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Typical n = 146 |
Atypical n = 22 | No Changes n = 70 | ||||
| Demographics |
Age in years, median
(IQR) |
45 (35.0–55.0) | 47.0 (38.5–57.0) | 45.5 (38.0–52.0) | 40 (34.5–48.5) | 0.0080 |
|
BMI in kg/m2, median
(IQR) |
24.6 (21.4–28.7) | 24.6 (21.6–29.0) | 20.9 (17.8–24.4) | 24.0 (21.3–29.0) | 0.0044 | |
| Female sex, n (%) | 77 (34.7) | 44 (32.1) | 7 (41.2) | 26 (38.2) | 0.5788 | |
| Currently employed, n (%) | 133 (59.4) | 82 (59.4) | 10 (55.6) | 41 (55.6) | 0.9358 | |
| Comorbidities | Always smoked cigarettes, n (%) | 136 (60.7) | 54 (61.4) | 12 (66.7) | 40 (58.8) | 0.8308 |
| One or more comorbidities, n (%) | 83 (37.0) | 53 (38.4) | 9 (50.0) | 21 (30.9) | 0.2848 | |
| Number of comorbidities, median (IQR) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 1 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0.2281 | |
| HCV and/or HBV co-infection (%) | 39 (17.7) | 24 (17.5) | 8 (44.4) | 7 (10.8) | 0.0017 | |
| mode of HIV infection | ||||||
| HIV characteristics | MSM, n (%) | 64 (28.6) | 40 (29.0) | 5 (27.8) | 19 (27.9) | 0.1342 |
| Heterosexual, n (%) | 101 (45.1) | 62 (44.9) | 8 (44.4) | 31 (45.6) | ||
| IDU, n (%) | 43 (19.2) | 30 (21.7) | 4 (22.2) | 9 (13.2) | ||
| Other, n (%) | 16 (7.1) | 6 (4.3) | 1 (5.6) | 9 (13.2) | ||
| Time since HIV diagnosis in years, median (IQR) | 9 (5–14) | 10 (6–15) | 11.5 (1–19) | 7 (3–11) | 0.0107 | |
| CD4 count in cells/uL, median (IQR) | 539 (307–818) | 545 (370–830) | 344 (140–609) | 521 (268–833) | 0.1017 | |
| HIV VL < 50 copies/mL, n (%) | 174 (77.7) | 109 (62.6) | 9 (50.0) | 56 (82.3) | 0.0114 | |
| On cART, n (%) | 203 (90.6) | 130 (94.2) | 13 (72.2) | 60 (88.2) | 0.0078 | |
| InSTI as third drug in cART, n (%) | 134 (65.4) | 81 (62.3) | 11 (73.3) | 42 (70.0) | 0.2546 | |
| TDF or TAF in backbone, n (%) | 146 (65.2) | 90 (65.2) | 13 (72.2) | 43 (63.2) | 0.7762 | |
| COVID-19 characteristics | Any COVID-19 symptoms, n (%) | 212 (94.6) | 135 (97.8) | 17 (94.4) | 60 (88.2) | 0.0160 |
| Hospitalized, n (%) | 123 (55.6) | 88 (63.8) | 13 (72.2) | 22 (32.8) | <0.0001 | |
| Requiring oxygen therapy, n (%) | 37 (16.6) | 34 (91.9) | 3 (8.1) | 0 (0) | <0.0001 | |
| Died, admitted to ICU, or no improvement, n (%) | 28 (13.1) | 20 (15.3) | 5 (33.3) | 3 (4.4) | 0.0054 | |