Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of HIV/COVID-19 co-infected patients, stratified by COVID-19 outcome.
| Characteristic | All n = 214 | COVID-19 Outcome | p-Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full Recovery n = 186 |
Death/ICU or Partial Recovery n = 28 |
||||
| Demographics | Age in years, median (IQR) | 45 (37–55) |
45 (37–55) |
44 (44–57) |
0.6103 |
| BMI in kg/m2, median (IQR) | 24.6 (21.4–28.7) |
24.8 (22–29) |
23.1 (19–29.2) |
0.2379 | |
| Female sex, n (%) | 75 (35.4) |
64 (34.8) |
11 (39.3) |
0.6743 | |
| Currently employed, n (%) | 130 (60.8) |
120 (64.5) |
10 (35.7) |
0.9990 | |
| Comorbidities | Always smoked cigarettes, n (%) | 129 (60.3) |
110 (59.1) |
19 (67.9) |
0.4152 |
| One or more comorbidities, n (%) |
77
(36) |
61
(32.8) |
16
(57.1) |
0.0190 | |
| Number of comorbidities, median (IQR) |
0
(0–1) |
0
(0–1) |
1
(0–1) |
0.0043 | |
| HCV and/or HBV co-infection, n (%) |
37
(17.54) |
27
(14.8) |
10
(35.7) |
0.0228 | |
| HIV characteristics | Mode of HIV infection | ||||
| MSM, n (%) | 62 (29) |
52 (28) |
10 (35.7) |
0.8756 | |
| Heterosexual, n (%) | 99 (46.3) |
88 (47.3) |
11 (39.3) |
||
| IDU, n (%) | 37 (17.3) |
32 (17.2) |
5 (17.9) |
||
| Other, n (%) | 16 (7.5) |
14 (7.5) |
2 (7.4) |
||
| Time since HIV diagnosis in years, median (IQR) | 9 (5–14) |
9 (5–14) |
8.5 (3.5–14.5) |
0.6448 | |
| CD4 count in cells/uL, median (IQR) | 539.5 (307–818) |
568
(348–861) |
403
(172–582.5) |
0.0099 | |
| HIV VL < 50 copies/mL, n (%) | 168 (78.5) |
149 (80.1) |
19 (67.9) |
0.1455 | |
| On cART, n (%) |
194
(90.7) |
173
(93) |
21
(75) |
0.0073 | |
| InSTI as third drug in cART, n (%) | 127 (65.1) |
114 (65.9) |
13 (59.9) |
0.2106 | |
| TDF or TAF in backbone, n (%) | 139 (65) |
124 (66.7) |
15 (53.6) |
0.2042 | |
| COVID-19 characteristics | Any COVID-19 symptoms, n (%) | 202 (94.4) |
176 (94.6) |
26 (92.9) |
0.6600 |
| Hospitalized, n (%) |
115
(54) |
88
(47.6) |
27
(96.4) |
<0.0001 | |
| Requiring oxygen therapy, n (%) |
35
(16.4) |
22
(11.9) |
13
(46.4) |
<0.0001 | |
| No radiological changes, n (%) |
68
(31.8) |
65
(34.9) |
3
(10.7) |
0.0054 | |
| non-typical radiological changes, n (%) |
15
(7) |
10
(5.4) |
5
(17.9) |
||
| typical radiological changes, n (%) |
131
(61.2) |
111
(59.7) |
20
(71.4) |
||
| any radiological changes, n (%) |
146
(68.2) |
121
(65.1) |
25
(89.3) |
0.0090 | |