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. 2022 May 7;12(5):697. doi: 10.3390/life12050697

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Impact of storage conditions on EVs. Various EV storage conditions and their potential effects on EV integrity. Biological sources or freshly isolated EVs are suspended in PBS with or without cryopreservants. Then, they are stored in specific conditions. The prolonged storage at low temperature induces mechanical damage, resulting in a loss in membrane integrity, leakage of EV cargo (RNA, protein, and lipids), and detachment of EV surface molecules (receptors and markers) due to the formation of tiny ice crystals within as well as around the EVs; Acidic or alkaline conditions reduce the number of EVs. Preservation methods also change the physiological properties of EVs and facilitate their product recovery. This figure was created with BioRender.com.