Table 4.
LC-MS profile of methanolic aerial parts extracts from G. alypum (GA), G. punctata (GP), G. cordifolia (GC) and G. meridionalis (GM) obtained by Soxhlet extraction.
| Peak | tR (min) |
m/z (Major Ion in Full MS Indicated in Bold) |
Compound Identification (Compound Class Abbreviation) |
GA | GP | GC | GM |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1′ | 1.2 | 217 [M + 35Cl]–, 219 [M + 37Cl]– | Mannitol (O) a | + | + | + | + |
| 2′ | 1.2 | 377 [M + 35Cl]–, 379 [M + 37Cl]– | Sucrose (O) a | + | + | + | + |
| 3′ | 1.7 | 407 [M–H + HCOOH]– | Catalpol (I) a | + | + | – | – |
| 4′ | 2.1 | 389 [M–H]–, 779 [2M–H]– | Scandoside (I) a | – | + | – | – |
| 5′ | 2.2 | 407 [M–H + HCOOH]– | Monomelittoside (5-Hydroxyaucubin) (I)a | – | – | + | + |
| 6′ | 2.4 | 371 [M–H]–, 417 [M–H + HCOOH]– | Deacetylasperuloside (I) a | – | + | + | + |
| 7′ | 5.9 | 341 [M–H]– | Caffeoylglucoside isomer (O) a | + | + | + | + |
| 8′ | 5.9 | 373 [M–H]–, 419 [M–H + HCOOH]– | Gardoside (I) a | + | + | + | + |
| 9′ | 6.9 | 431 [M–H]–, 863 [2M–H]– | Asperulosidic acid (I) a | – | + | + | + |
| 10′ | 8.9 | 459 [M–H + HCOOH]– | Asperuloside (I) a | – | + | + | + |
| 11′ | 10.7 | 523 [M–H]–, 1047 [2M–H]– | Verminoside (6-O-Caffeoylcatalpol) (I) a | + | – | – | – |
| 12′ | 10.9 | 433 [M–H + HCOOH]– | Geniposide (I) b | + * | – | – | – |
| 13′ | 13.7 | 507 [M–H]–, 553 [M–H + HCOOH]– | Specioside (6-O-(p-Coumaroyl)-catalpol) (I) a | + | – | – | – |
| 14′ | 14.1 | 625 [M–H]–, 671 [M–H + HCOOH]–, 1251 [2M–H]– | 6-Hydroxyluteolin 7-O-sophoroside (F) a | + | + | – | – |
| 15′ | 14.4 | 701 [M–H + HCOOH]– | 6′-O-Benzoyldeacetylasperulosidic acid glucoside (I) b | – | – | + * | + * |
| 16′ | 15.2 | 463 [M–H]–, 927 [2M–H]– | 6-Hydroxyluteolin 7-O-glucoside (F) a | + | + | + | + |
| 17′ | 15.9 | 415 [M–H]–, 461 [M–H + HCOOH]– | Alpinoside (I) a | + | + | + | + |
| 18′ | 16.4 | 555 [M–H + HCOOH]– | Globularinin (I) a | + | + | – | – |
| 19′ | 17.6 | 493 [M–H]–, 987 [2M–H]– | 6′-O-Benzoyldeacetylasperulosidic acid (I) b | – | + * | + * | + * |
| 20′ | 17.8 | 555 [M–H + HCOOH]– | Globularimin (I) a | + | + | – | – |
| 21′ | 17.9 | 463 [M–H + HCOOH–324]–, 787 [M–H + HCOOH]– | Liriodendrin ((+)-Syringaresinol di-O-β-glucopyranoside) (L) a | + | – | – | – |
| 22′ | 18.1 | 511 [M–H + HCOOH]– | 6′-O-Benzoylmonomelittoside (5-Hydroxydumuloside) (I)a | – | – | + | + |
| 23′ | 18.8 | 477 [M–H]– | Calceolarioside A (Desrhamnosyl verbascoside) (P) a | + | – | – | – |
| 24′ | 19.1 | 787 [M–H]–, 1575 [2M–H]– | 6-Hydroxyluteolin 7-O-(6′′′-O-caffeoyl)-sophoroside (F) a | – | + | – | – |
| 25′ | 19.8 | 477 [M–H]– | Calceolarioside B (Desrhamnosyl isoverbascoside) (P) a | + | – | – | – |
| 26′ | 20.2 | 785 [M–H]– | Rossicaside A (P) a | + | + | + | + |
| 27′ | 20.4 | 623 [M–H]–, 1247 [2M–H]– | Verbascoside (Acteoside) (P) a | + | + | + | + |
| 28′ | 20.7 | 653 [M–H]–, 1307 [2M–H]– | Methoxyverbascoside isomer (P) b | – | – | + * | + * |
| 29′ | 21.3 | 443 [M–2H]2–, 887 [M–H]– | Trichosanthoside B (P) a | – | + | – | – |
| 30′ | 22.0 | 623 [M–H]– | Isoverbascoside (Isoacteoside) (P) a | + | + | + | + |
| 31′ | 22.1 | 755 [M–H]–, 1511 [2M–H]– | Trichosanthoside A (P) a | – | + | – | – |
| 32′ | 22.4 | 771 [M–H]– | 6-Hydroxyluteolin 7-O-(6′′′-O-(p-coumaroyl)-sophoroside (F)a | – | + | – | – |
| 33′ | 22.5 | 511 [M–H + HCOOH]– | Globularifolin (10-O-Benzoylmonomelittoside) (I) a | – | – | + | + |
| 34′ | 23.0 | 623 [M–H]– | Forsythoside A (P) a | + | + | + | + |
| 35′ | 23.6 | 537 [M–H + HCOOH]– | Globularin (10-O-trans-Cinnamoylcatalpol) (I) a | + | + | – | – |
| 36′ | 24.2 | 477 [M–H]–, 523 [M–H + HCOOH]– | 6′-O-Benzoyldeacetylalpinoside (I) a | – | – | + | + |
| 37′ | 24.6 | 755 [M–H]– | Arenarioside (P) a | – | + | – | – |
| 38′ | 24.9 | 637 [M–H]–, 683 [M–H + HCOOH]– | Leucosceptoside A (P) a | + | + | + | + |
| 39′ | 25.1 | 517 [M–H]–, 563 [M–H + HCOOH]– | 10-O-(p-Coumaroyl)-deacetylasperuloside (I) b | – | + * | + * | + * |
| 40′ | 25.2 | 491 [M–H]–, 983 [2M–H]– | 6′-O-Feruloyl-1′-O-hydroxytyrosol glucoside (P) b | + * | – | – | – |
| 41′ | 27.4 | 521 [M–H + HCOOH]– | Besperuloside (10-O-Benzoyldeacetylasperuloside) (I) a | – | + | – | – |
| 42′ | 28.3 | 573 [M–H + HCOOH]– | Globularioside (I) a | + | + | – | – |
| 43′ | 29.4 | 653 [M–H]–, 835 [M–H + mannitol]–, 1307 [2M–H]– | Demethoxycentaureidin 6,4′-dimethyl ether (F) a | – | – | + | + |
| 44′ | 32.4 | 961 [M–H]– | Globusintenoside isomer (P) a | + | + | + | + |
| 45′ | 33.5 | 785 [M–H]– | 6′-O-Caffeoylverbascoside (P) a | + | – | – | – |
| 46′ | 34.2 | 269 [M–H]– | Apigenin (F) a | + | + | + | + |
| 47′ | 34.6 | 889 [M–H]– | Benzoylrossicaside A isomer (P) b | – | + * | + * | + * |
| 48′ | 35.6 | 935 [M–H + HCOOH]– | Globuloside A (Alpinoside-globularin dimer) (I) a | + | – | – | – |
| 49′ | 38.2 | 799 [M–H]– | Galypumoside B (6′-O-Feruloylverbascoside) (P) a | + | – | – | – |