Table 15.
An updated summary of other bioactivities of fucoxanthin: In vitro and in vivo studies.
| Experimental Model (In Vitro/In Vivo) |
Treatment (Dose, Route and Duration) |
Major Outcomes | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| LPS-induced behavioral defects mice | 50–200 mg/kg b.w. (purity ≥ 95.0%) in 0.5% sodium carboxymethylcellulose, orally for 7 days | ↓ immobility time in forced swimming and tail suspension test; ↓ IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α; ↓ iNOS and COX-2 |
[41] |
| DSS-induced colitis mice | 50–100 mg/kg b.w., orally for 7 days | ↓ body weight loss; ↓ increase of disease activity index and colon shortening; ↓ colon histological damages; ↓ colonic PGE2, COX-2 and NF-κB levels |
[10] |
| Graves’ orbitopathy-induced mice | 50 mg/kg b.w., orally for 4 weeks | ↓ mRNA expression of IL-17 ↓ 8-OHdG and MDA |
[100] |
| CdCl2-induced thyroid damage mice | 10–50 mg/kg b.w., orally for 14 days; thyroid tablets 50 mg/kg b.w. as positive control | ↑ T4, T3, catalase and APX levels; ↓ MDA; ↑ apoptosis inhibition; ↓ endoplasmic reticulum stress |
[101] |
| Dexamethasone-induced skeletal muscle loss mice | 0.2% of daily diet, orally for 14 days | ↓ muscle atrophy, visceral fat mass and muscle lipid peroxidation; ↑ phosphorylation of mTOR; ↓ activation of AMPK |
[102] |
↑: upregulation; ↓: downregulation.