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. 2022 May 17;14(5):1069. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051069

Figure 4.

Figure 4

(A) Schematic of the mechanism that PPy@HA/Dex-composite-coated Ti promoted the osteogenic effect and osseointegration by activating Runx2. Adapted with permission from Ref. [150]. Copyright 2021, Elsevier; (B) a schematic diagram of constructing 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3-loaded hierarchical Ti scaffold. Adapted with permission from Ref. [152]. Copyright 2020, Elsevier; (C) the process of loading curcumin and vitamin K2 on HA-coated Ti6Al4V implant. Adapted with permission from Ref. [153]. Copyright 2020, American chemical society; (D) schematic of the proposed mechanisms of Chi-C/Gel/HA-composite-coated Ti in facilitating cell adhesion and inhibiting ROS damage. Adapted with permission from Ref. [154]. Copyright 2017, Elsevier. Abbreviations: Dex: dexamethasone; HA: hydroxyapatite; Py: pyrrole; TAZ: tafazzin; MKP-1: protein kinase phosphatase 1; FHL2: four-and-a-half LIM domains 2; TCF/LEF-1: the β-catenin binds to T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor-1; NDDSs: nanoscale drug delivery systems; ROS: reactive oxygen species.