Table 1.

Cohort characteristics of IBD patients. Representation of the entire IBD patient cohort and classification of patients by immunosuppressive therapy: vedolizumab, Anti-TNF (adalimumab, infliximab), Anti-TNF + azathioprine. IBD: inflammatory bowel disease; IQR: interquartile range; BMI: body mass index; CDAI score: Crohn’s disease activity index; p-value ¹: Mann–Whitney U test (Wilcoxon); p-value ²: Kruskal–Wallis.

Patients		Controls (n = 9)	IBD (n = 20)	p-Value 1	Vedolizumab (n = 4)	Anti-TNF (n = 14)	Anti-TNF + Azathioprine (n = 2)	p-Value 2
Patient characteristics	Age, years median (IQR)	42 (37–57)	39 (26–47)	0.216	40 (35–55)	36 (24–49)	39	0.709
	Sex, male (%)	5 (55)	12 (60)	0.822	4 (100)	8 (57)	2 (100)	0.057
	BMI (kg/m2)	23 (22–24)	25 (23–28)	0.198	23 (21–31)	25 (23–28)	27	0.613
IBD	Crohn’s disease (%)	0 (0)	9 (45)		2 (50)	4 (29)	2 (100)	0.634
	CDAI score, median (IQR)	0 (0)	0 (0–0)		120 (0–120)	0 (0–0)	0 (0–0)	0.104
	Ulcerative colitis (%)	0 (0)	11 (55)		2 (50)	10 (71)	0 (0)	0.634
	Mayo score, median (IQR)	0 (0)	2 (0–3.5)		2.5 (2–2.5)	0 (0–0)	0 (0–0)	0.554
Medication	Prednisolone p.o. (%)	0 (0)	2 (10)		2 (50)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0.012
	Budesonide p.o. (%)	0 (0)	0 (0)		0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1.000
	Budesonide supp. (%)	0 (0)	0 (0)		0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1.000
	Mesalazine p.o. (%)	0 (0)	4 (20)		0 (0)	4 (29)	0 (0)	0.159
	Mesalazine supp. (%)	0 (0)	2 (10)		0 (0)	2 (14)	0 (0)	0.360
Pre-existing conditions	Cardiovascular disease	0 (0)	1 (5)		1 (25)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0.086
	Respiratory disease (%)	0 (0)	0 (0)		0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1.000
	Kidney insufficiency (%)	0 (0)	0 (0)		0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1.000
	Metastatic neoplasm (%)	0 (0)	0 (0)		0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1.000
	Diabetes (%)	0 (0)	1 (5)		1 (25)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0.086
	Hematologic malignancy (%)	0 (0)	0 (0)		0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1.000