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. 2022 May 22;23(10):5803. doi: 10.3390/ijms23105803

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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βARs negatively regulate FFAR3 signaling via RGS4 and PKA in cardiac myocytes. (A) Giα activation in native H9c2 cells treated with 1 mM propionate, 10 μM isoproterenol (Iso), 10 μM salbutamol (Salb), or a combination thereof. *, p < 0.05, vs. basal (no treatment); NS: Not significant (vs. basal-No treatment) at p = 0.05; n = 3 independent measurements (in duplicate) per condition. (B) Giα activation in RGS4-depleted (RGS4 siRNA) or in native H9c2 cells pre-treated with 10 μM H89 (H89), in response to 1 mM propionate alone, or to 1 mM propionate in the presence of 10 μM isoproterenol (Iso) or 10 μM salbutamol (Salb). *, p < 0.05, vs. respective basal (no treatment); NS: Not significant (vs. respective propionate alone) at p = 0.05; n = 3 independent determinations (in duplicate) per condition per cell clone.