Table 1. Effects of drying temperatures and times on L *, a *, b * values and total color difference (ΔE).
| Drying time (min) | Moisture content (% w.b.) | L* value | a* value | b* value | Total color difference (ΔE) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fresh | 75.27a ± 0.66 | 40c ± 0.36 | 45a ± 0.30 | 27c ± 0.18 | – |
| 60 °C | |||||
| 30 | 74.78a± 1.67 | 38d± 0.68 | 41b± 0.46 | 24d± 0.79 | 5g± 0.47 |
| 60 | 72.13b± 0.97 | 38d± 1.08 | 43a± 0.31 | 24d± 0.08 | 4g± 0.23 |
| 120 | 71.98b± 0.25 | 40c± 0.23 | 43a± 0.36 | 27c± 0.21 | 2h± 0.15 |
| 1440* | 12.38k± 1.49 | 33f± 0.54 | 26g± 1.14 | 16e± 0.34 | 21c± 0.56 |
| 80 °C | |||||
| 30 | 69.91bc± 1.95 | 36e± 0.69 | 40b± 0.18 | 28c± 0.21 | 5g± 0.25 |
| 60 | 69.80bc± 2.63 | 38d± 0.34 | 40b± 0.30 | 26c± 0.53 | 5g± 0.12 |
| 120 | 62.49ef± 2.60 | 38d± 0.30 | 41b± 0.67 | 32b± 0.21 | 7f± 0.08 |
| 600* | 12.65k± 0.18 | 32f± 0.31 | 27g± 0.24 | 16e± 0.67 | 21c± 0.51 |
| 100 °C | |||||
| 30 | 70.08bc± 0.05 | 38d± 0.34 | 41b± 0.61 | 29b± 0.22 | 5g± 0.24 |
| 60 | 66.82d± 1.45 | 39c± 0.21 | 42a± 1.64 | 30b± 0.17 | 5g± 0.89 |
| 120 | 60.49fg± 0.69 | 38d± 0.70 | 38c± 0.71 | 28c± 0.31 | 7f± 0.31 |
| 270* | 12.28k± 0.39 | 29g± 0.65 | 24h± 0.54 | 13e± 0.49 | 26b± 0.29 |
| 120 °C | |||||
| 30 | 66.67d± 0.06 | 45a± 0.19 | 38c± 0.56 | 32b± 0.21 | 10e± 0.08 |
| 60 | 63.76e± 0.98 | 42b± 0.69 | 38c± 0.92 | 28c± 0.49 | 9e± 0.19 |
| 120 | 41.03i± 1.21 | 39c± 1.23 | 33e± 1.62 | 26c± 1.79 | 14d± 0.65 |
| 210* | 12.91k± 0.59 | 33f± 0.59 | 23h± 1.09 | 16e± 1.13 | 25b± 1.42 |
| 140 °C | |||||
| 30 | 68.42cd± 0.76 | 40c± 0.26 | 36d± 0.85 | 31b± 0.89 | 9e± 0.40 |
| 60 | 58.83g± 3.78 | 41b± 0.87 | 38c± 0.54 | 29b± 0.81 | 8e± 0.34 |
| 120 | 27.12j± 1.36 | 37e± 1.11 | 29f± 1.20 | 18e± 0.89 | 18d± 1.33 |
| 180* | 12.83k± 0.90 | 28g± 0.44 | 18i± 0.71 | 9f± 0.47 | 33a± 0.44 |
| 160 °C | |||||
| 30 | 64.07e± 1.05 | 42b± 0.29 | 38de± 0.71 | 35a± 0.57 | 10e± 0.12 |
| 60 | 44.97h± 2.62 | 41b± 0.36 | 38de± 0.40 | 27c± 0.48 | 6f± 0.22 |
| 120* | 12.06k± 0.08 | 31f± 0.78 | 25b± 1.83 | 15e± 1.34 | 23c± 1.09 |
| 180 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
Notes.
Data represents the means ± standard error (n = 69) for each sample; mean values with different superscript letters within the same column differ significantly at p < 0.05.
Drying time when the moisture content reached 12–13% w.b.
- ND
- not determined