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. 2022 May 25;10:e13423. doi: 10.7717/peerj.13423

Table 1. Effects of drying temperatures and times on L *, a *, b * values and total color difference (ΔE).

Drying time (min) Moisture content (% w.b.) L* value a* value b* value Total color difference (ΔE)
Fresh 75.27a ± 0.66 40c ± 0.36 45a ± 0.30 27c ± 0.18
60 °C
30 74.78a± 1.67 38d± 0.68 41b± 0.46 24d± 0.79 5g± 0.47
60 72.13b± 0.97 38d± 1.08 43a± 0.31 24d± 0.08 4g± 0.23
120 71.98b± 0.25 40c± 0.23 43a± 0.36 27c± 0.21 2h± 0.15
1440* 12.38k± 1.49 33f± 0.54 26g± 1.14 16e± 0.34 21c± 0.56
80 °C
30 69.91bc± 1.95 36e± 0.69 40b± 0.18 28c± 0.21 5g± 0.25
60 69.80bc± 2.63 38d± 0.34 40b± 0.30 26c± 0.53 5g± 0.12
120 62.49ef± 2.60 38d± 0.30 41b± 0.67 32b± 0.21 7f± 0.08
600* 12.65k± 0.18 32f± 0.31 27g± 0.24 16e± 0.67 21c± 0.51
100 °C
30 70.08bc± 0.05 38d± 0.34 41b± 0.61 29b± 0.22 5g± 0.24
60 66.82d± 1.45 39c± 0.21 42a± 1.64 30b± 0.17 5g± 0.89
120 60.49fg± 0.69 38d± 0.70 38c± 0.71 28c± 0.31 7f± 0.31
270* 12.28k± 0.39 29g± 0.65 24h± 0.54 13e± 0.49 26b± 0.29
120 °C
30 66.67d± 0.06 45a± 0.19 38c± 0.56 32b± 0.21 10e± 0.08
60 63.76e± 0.98 42b± 0.69 38c± 0.92 28c± 0.49 9e± 0.19
120 41.03i± 1.21 39c± 1.23 33e± 1.62 26c± 1.79 14d± 0.65
210* 12.91k± 0.59 33f± 0.59 23h± 1.09 16e± 1.13 25b± 1.42
140 °C
30 68.42cd± 0.76 40c± 0.26 36d± 0.85 31b± 0.89 9e± 0.40
60 58.83g± 3.78 41b± 0.87 38c± 0.54 29b± 0.81 8e± 0.34
120 27.12j± 1.36 37e± 1.11 29f± 1.20 18e± 0.89 18d± 1.33
180* 12.83k± 0.90 28g± 0.44 18i± 0.71 9f± 0.47 33a± 0.44
160 °C
30 64.07e± 1.05 42b± 0.29 38de± 0.71 35a± 0.57 10e± 0.12
60 44.97h± 2.62 41b± 0.36 38de± 0.40 27c± 0.48 6f± 0.22
120* 12.06k± 0.08 31f± 0.78 25b± 1.83 15e± 1.34 23c± 1.09
180 ND ND ND ND ND

Notes.

Data represents the means ± standard error (n = 69) for each sample; mean values with different superscript letters within the same column differ significantly at p < 0.05.

*

Drying time when the moisture content reached 12–13% w.b.

ND
not determined