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. 2022 May 16;10(5):248. doi: 10.3390/toxics10050248

Table 3.

Median processing factor (PF) for different pesticides in red wine produced with (+) and without (−) thermovinification.

Pesticide Thermovinification PF No. of PFs
Ametoctradin + 0.03 4
Amisulbrom + 0.13 3
Azoxystrobin 0.37 6
Benzovindiflupyr 0.08 4
Fenpyrazamine + 0.40 3
Fluopicolide + 0.31 3
Fluopyram + 0.18 4
Fluxapyroxad + 0.20 2
Imidacloprid + 1.00 3
Iprodione 0.37 5
Iprovalicarb + 0.55 2
Mandipropamid 0.32 2
Mepanipyrim 0.02 3
Penconazole 0.13 3
Spiroxamine 0.96 2
Spiroxamine + 0.57 3
Tebufenozide 0.31 5
Tebufenpyrad 0.03 2
Thiophanate-methyl 0.75 3
Valifenalate 0.82 4