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PWG stimulates TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in UVB-irradiated HDFs. HDFs were irradiated with UVB (20 mJ/cm2), followed by treatment with 50, 100, and 200 µg/mL of PWG. Protein expression of TGFβRII (B), p-Smad3, Smad3 (C), and Smad7 (D) were evaluated by western blot (A). All data were indicated as mean ± SD of at least three independent experiments. # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01 versus normal, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 versus UVB-irradiated cells.
