. 2022 May 17;27(10):3216. doi: 10.3390/molecules27103216

Table 1.

Essential oil composition of Lavandula angustifolia during the four years of growth and collection (mean ± SD).

Compounds	LRI^exp	LRI^lit	Class	1st Year	2nd Year	3rd Year	4th Year	Correlation Coefficient ^$
				Relative abundance (%)
α-thujene	929	930	mh	-^c	0.2 ± 0.02^a	0.1 ± 0.01^b	0.2 ± 0.01^a
α-pinene	937	939	mh	0.1 ± 0.08^b	0.4 ± 0.02^a	0.1 ± 0.00^b	0.3 ± 0.05^a
camphene	952	946	mh	0.1 ± 0.03^a	0.2 ± 0.01^a	-^b	0.1 ± 0.02^a
1-octen-3-ol	979	978	nt	-	-	-	0.3 ± 0.00	0.8
3-octanone	986	983	nt	0.5 ± 0.09^b	0.8 ± 0.04^ab	0.8 ± 0.07^a	0.9 ± 0.06^a	0.9
β-myrcene	991	990	mh	0.4 ± 0.07^b	1.0 ± 0.03^a	0.9 ± 0.10^a	0.9 ± 0.06a	0.7
3-octanol	995	991	nt	0.2 ± 0.03^a	-^b	-^b	-^b	−0.7
butyl butanoate	996	994	nt	-^c	0.2 ± 0.01^a	-^c	0.2 ± 0.01^b
α-phellandrene	1005	1002	mh	-^b	0.1 ± 0.00^a	-^b	-^b
n-hexyl acetate	1012	1009	nt	0.2 ± 0.02^b	0.7 ± 0.04^ab	1.1 ± 0.18^a	0.3 ± 0.04^b
α-terpinene	1017	1017	mh	-^b	0.1 ± 0.00^a	-^b	-^b
o-cymene	1022	1026	mh	0.2 ± 0.01^a	0.2 ± 0.00^a	-^b	0.2 ± 0.05^a
limonene	1030	1029	mh	0.3 ± 0.03^b	0.7 ± 0.06^a	0.4 ± 0.05^b	0.6 ± 0.07^a
δ-3-carene	1031	1030	mh	-^b	-^b	-^b	0.5 ± 0.20^a	0.8
eucalyptol	1032	1031	om	1.0 ± 0.03^b	2.0 ± 0.01^a	0.5 ± 0.06^c	0.6 ± 0.02^c
cis-β-ocimene	1038	1037	mh	3.1 ± 0.04^b	4.2 ± 0.17^a	4.0 ± 0.52^a	3.9 ± 0.25^a
trans-β-ocimene	1049	1050	mh	2.7 ± 0.02^c	4.0 ± 0.18^a	3.6 ± 0.08^ab	3.3 ± 0.14^b
γ-terpinene	1060	1059	mh	0.1 ± 0.01^c	0.6 ± 0.01^a	0.2 ± 0.01^c	0.3 ± 0.02^b
cis-sabinene hydrate	1066	1070	om	0.2 ± 0.00^b	0.5 ± 0.02^a	0.2 ± 0.01^b	0.2 ± 0.04^b
cis-linalool oxide (furanoid)	1074	1072	om	-^c	0.2 ± 0.01^a	0.1 ± 0.01^b	0.1 ± 0.02^b
terpinolene	1088	1088	mh	0.1 ± 0.01^b	0.4 ± 0.01^b	0.3 ± 0.04^b	0.3 ± 0.03^b
linalool	1099	1096	om	19.3 ± 0.54^b	23.1 ± 2.63^b	27.7 ± 1.80^ab	34.2 ± 1.70^a	0.9
1-octen-3-yl-acetate	1111	1112	nt	0.6 ± 0.01^b	1.1 ± 0.21^a	0.9 ± 0.20^a	1.1 ± 0.22^a
3-octanol acetate	1125	1123	nt	0.1 ± 0.00^a	-^b	0.1 ± 0.01^a	0.1 ± 0.03^a
camphor	1145	1146	om	0.5 ± 0.01^a	0.3 ± 0.01^c	0.1 ± 0.01^d	0.3 ± 0.00^b
endo-borneol	1167	1169	om	1.4 ± 0.15^a	1.6 ± 0.26^a	0.5 ± 0.10^b	0.9 ± 0.22^ab	−0.7
(3E,5Z)-1,3,5-undecatriene	1174	1173	nt	-^b	-^b	0.1 ± 0.01^a	-^b
lavandulol	1177	1169	om	0.8 ± 0.06^a	-^b	0.8 ± 0.13^a	0.6 ± 0.08^a
terpinen-4-ol	1177	1177	om	5.4 ± 0.20^c	15.3 ± 0.77^a	5.7 ± 0.73^c	9.3 ± 0.57^b
p-cymen-8-ol	1183	1182	om	-^b	0.1 ± 0.00^a	-^b	-^b
cryptone	1184	1185	om	0.3 ± 0.02^b	0.5 ± 0.03^a	0.2 ± 0.03^b	0.3 ± 0.02^b
α-terpineol	1189	1188	om	1.4 ± 0.02^b	4.0 ± 0.54^a	5.6 ± 0.65^a	4.2 ± 0.41^a	0.7
n-hexyl butyrate	1192	1192	nt	0.2 ± 0.05^b	0.4 ± 0.05^a	-^c	0.3 ± 0.04^a
nerol	1228	1229	om	0.4 ± 0.01^b	0.7 ± 0.03^ab	0.8 ± 0.16^a	0.4 ± 0.08^ab
cumin aldehyde	1239	1241	om	0.2 ± 0.00^a	0.2 ± 0.00^a	0.1 ± 0.01^c	-^b	−0.8
geraniol	1253	1254	om	-^b	-^b	-^b	1.0 ± 0.15^a	0.7
linalool acetate	1257	1254	om	26.3 ± 0.62^a	21.2 ± 1.22^ab	26.0 ± 1.98^a	19.4 ± 1.28^b
bornyl acetate	1285	1288	om	0.2 ± 0.01^ab	0.3 ± 0.01^a	0.1 ± 0.08^b	0.1 ± 0.02^ab
lavandulyl acetate	1304	1290	om	6.1 ± 0.08^a	0.9 ± 0.00^b	10.0 ± 2.14^a	6.1 ± 0.74^a
neryl acetate	1364	1361	om	0.9 ± 0.02^c	1.4 ± 0.02^b	1.8 ± 0.52^a	0.9 ± 0.35^c
geranyl acetate	1382	1381	om	2.0 ± 0.05^c	2.7 ± 0.11^b	3.3 ± 0.82^a	1.9 ± 0.23^c
n-hexyl hexanoate	1384	1381	nt	0.1 ± 0.00^a	-^b	-^b	-^b
β-caryophyllene	1419	1419	sh	7.0 ± 0.08^a	3.5 ± 0.18^b	1.3 ± 0.21^c	3.5 ± 0.09^b	−0.7
trans-α-bergamotene	1436	1434	sh	0.2 ± 0.01^a	-^b	-^b	-^b	−0.8
α-humulene	1454	1455^§	sh	0.2 ± 0.00^a	0.1 ± 0.01^b	-^c	-^c	−0.9
(E)-β-farnesene	1457	1456	sh	2.9 ± 0.07^a	2.0 ± 0.08^b	1.8 ± 0.03^b	0.6 ± 0.01^c	−1
germacrene D	1481	1485	sh	1.4 ± 0.05^a	0.4 ± 0.00^b	0.3 ± 0.00^b	0.3 ± 0.01^b
γ-amorphene	1496	1495	sh	-^b	0.3 ± 0.01^a	-^b	-^b	−0.8
trans-γ-cadinene	1514	1513^§	sh	1.5 ± 0.06^a	-^b	-^b	0.1 ± 0.00^b	−0.7
caryophyllene oxide	1581	1583	os	2.1 ± 0.13^a	0.8 ± 0.19^b	0.5 ± 0.06^b	0.3 ± 0.10^b	−0.9
1,10-di-epi-cubenol	1619	1619	os	0.4 ± 0.02^a	-^b	-^b	-^b	−0.8
1-epi-cubenol	1627	1628	os	-^b	0.1 ± 0.00^a	-^b	-^b
tau-cadinol	1640	1640	os	5.7 ± 0.35^a	2.1 ± 0.20^b	0.1 ± 0.00c	0.5 ± 0.21c	−0.9
cis-14-nor-muurol-5-en-4-one	1689	1689	os	0.7 ± 0.06^a	0.1 ± 0.02^b	-^c	-^c	−0.9
10-peroxy-murolan-3,9(11)-diene	1730	1729*	os	0.1 ± 0.01^a	-^b	-^b	-^b	−0.8
hexahydrofarnesyl acetone	1845	1845	ac	0.1 ± 0.02^a	-^b	-^b	-^b	−0.8
*Yield (w/v)*				VL^c	1.16^b	1.36^a	1.32^a
Class of Compounds				1st Year	2nd Year	3rd Year	4th Year
monoterpene hydrocarbons (mh)				7.0 ± 0.08^d	12.0 ± 0.85^a	9.5 ± 0.74^c	10.8 ± 0.65^b
oxygenated monoterpenes (om)				66.1 ± 1.22^d	74.3 ± 0.85^c	82.9 ± 1.01^a	80.3 ± 2.10^b
sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (sh)				13.1 ± 0.27^a	6.3 ± 0.28^b	3.4 ± 0.24^d	4.5 ± 0.27^c
oxygenated sesquiterpenes (os)				9.0 ± 0.57^a	3.2 ± 0.41^b	0.6 ± 0.06^c	0.8 ± 0.25^c
apocarotenoides (ac)				0.1 ± 0.02^a	-^b	-^b	-^b
non-terpene hydrocarbons (nt)				2.2 ± 0.11^c	3.8 ± 0.37^a	3.3 ± 0.10^b	3.6 ± 0.20^a
Total Identified				97.5 ± 0.30^b	99.6 ± 0.02^a	99.7 ± 0.01^a	100.0 ± 0.00^a

Data are reported as mean values (n = 3 ± SD); LRI exp: Linear Retention Index determined on HP-5MS capillary column; LRT lit: Linear Retention Index reported by Adams 2007 [20], * NIST 2014 [21], and ^§ NIST Chemistry WebBook. [22]; VL: very low. The superscript uppercase letters (a–d) indicate statistically significant differences between the samples. The statistical significance of the relative abundances was determined by Tukey’s post hoc test, with p ≤ 0.05. ^$: A statistical test used to explain a correlation between age and the amount of compounds.