. 2022 May 24;16:1307–1319. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S221882

Table 1.

Distribution of Sphingosine 1 Phosphate Receptors by Cell Type, Effect and Corresponding S1P Modulators

Cell Type	S1PR	Fingolimod	Siponimod	Ozanimod	Ponesimod	S1P effect
Lymphocytes	S1P1	×	×	×	×	Egress from lymph nodes and thymus, dendritic cells and TH17 modulation
Lymphocytes	S1P4	×
Atrial myocytes	S1P1	×	×	×	×	Atrioventricular-slowing
Atrial myocytes	S1P3	×				Atrioventricular-slowing
Neurons	S1P1	×	×	×	×	Neurogenesis,⁸⁵ neuromigration, neurotransmission
	S1P2
	S1P3	×
Astrocytes	S1P1	×	×	×	×	Migration, proliferation, gap junction communication, growth factor production
	S1P2
	S1P3	×
	S1P5	×	×	×
Oligodendrocytes	S1P1	×	×	×	×	Survival, differentiation, myelination
	S1P3	×
	S1P5	×	×	×
Microglia	S1P1	×	×	×	×	Proinflammatory cytokines production
	S1P2
	S1P3	×
	S1P5	×	×	×
Endothelial cells and smooth muscles	S1P1	×	×	×	×	Permeability barrier, increase permeability in several organs⁸⁶ but the exact role on blood brain barrier (BBB) is exactly unknown (might be a size-selective BBB opening.⁸⁷
	S1P2
	S1P3	×

Abbreviations: S1P, sphingosine 1 phosphate; TH17; T cell helper 17.