Table 1.
Characteristics of 18 observational studies
| Author, year | Country | Sample Number | Proportion of males (%) | Age (years) | Follow-up (years) | Subjects | Endpoints | Donor Cell line | Labeling of cholesterol | Cholesterol acceptor |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cohort studies | ||||||||||
| Rohatgi A [22], 2014 | USA | 132 cases | NA | 30–65 | Median 9.4 | Non-CAD | 1,2 | J 774 | BODIPY-C | ABDP |
| Liu C [36], 2016 | China | 122 cases | NA | 40–85 | 3.8 | CAD | 2 | J 774 | BODIPY-C | ABDS |
| Ritsch A [41], 2020 | Austria | 448 cases | NA | 62.8 ± 10.4 | Median 9.9 | Non-CAD | 2 | J 774 | 3 H-C | ABDS |
| Kuusisto S [34], 2019 | UK | 574 cases | NA | 25–74 | 15 | Non-CAD | 1 | J 774 | 3 H-C | ABDS |
| Case-control studies | ||||||||||
| Saleheen D [42], 2015 | USA |
Case: 1745 Control: 1749 |
68 | 40–79 | 14 |
Case: CAD Control: non-CAD |
1 | J 774 | 3 H-C | ABDS |
| Zhang J [46], 2016 | China |
Case: 214 Control:116 |
78 | 67 ± 11 | 1 |
Case: CAD Control: non-CAD |
1,2 | J 774 | 3 H-C | ABDS |
| Li XM [35], 2013 | China |
Cohort A: Case 871 Control: 279 Cohort B: Case: 146 Control: 431 |
67 70 |
64 ± 11 | 3 |
Case: CAD Control: non-CAD |
1 | J 774 | 3 H-C | ABDS |
| Shea S [44], 2019 | USA |
Case: 270 Control: 270 |
NA | 45–85 | 10 |
Case: CAD Control: non-CAD |
1 | THP-1 monocytes | 3 H-C | UCH |
| Patel P [40], 2013 | USA |
Case: 23 Control: 46 |
74 | 58.2 ± 10 | NA |
Case: CAD Control: non-CAD |
1 | J 774 | 3 H-C | ABDS |
| Cahill L [32], 2019 | USA |
Case: 696 Control: 701 |
100 | 40–75 | 17 |
Case: CAD Control: non-CAD |
1 | J 774 | 3 H-C | ABDP |
| Ishikawa T [33], 2015 | Japan |
Case: 182 Control: 72 |
81.9 | 66.2 ± 10.3 | 2 |
Case: CAD Control: non-CAD |
1 | J 774 | 3 H-C | ABDS |
| Luo M [38], 2018 | China |
Case: 120 Control: 90 |
63.6 | 63.96 ± 7.85 | NA |
Case: CAD Control: non-CAD |
1 | THP-1 monocytes | 3 H-C | ABDP |
| Khera A [21], 2011 | USA |
Case: 442 Control: 351 |
68.6 | 57 ± 9 | NA |
Case: CAD Control: non-CAD |
1 | J 774 | 3 H-C | ABDS |
| Wang G [45], 2018 | China |
Case: 40 Control: 40 |
62.5 | 30–75 | 2 |
Case: CAD Control: non-CAD |
1 | J 774 | 3 H-C | ABDS |
| Shao B [43], 2014 | China |
Case: 20 Control: 20 |
70 | 64 ± 11 | 10 months |
Case: CAD Control: non-CAD |
1 | BHK | 3 H-C | UCH |
| Luo M [37], 2017 | China |
Case: 140 Control: 99 |
66.4 | 63.10 ± 8.42 | NA |
Case: CAD Control: non-CAD |
1 | THP-1 monocytes | 3 H-C | ABDP |
| Agarwala AP [31], 2015 | USA |
Case: 55 Control: 120 |
60 | 64 ± 11 | NA |
Case: CAD Control: non-CAD |
1 | J774 | 3 H-C |
ABDP ABDS |
| Norimatsu K [39], 2017 | Japan |
Case: 58 Control: 146 |
69 | 61–73 | NA |
Case: CAD Control: non-CAD |
1 | J 774 | 3 H-C | UCH |
NA not applicable. CAD Coronary artery diseases, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, BODIPY-C boron dipyrromethene difluoride-cholesterol, ABDP apolipoprotein B–depleted plasma, ABDS apolipoprotein B–depleted serum, CAD coronary artery disease, 3 H-C 3 H-cholesterol, BHK genetically modified baby hamster kidney cells, UCH HDL isolation by ultracentrifugation. 1, CAD incidence. 2, Cardiovascular mortality