Table 4.

CO and SV according to age

	Men				Women
	18–40 y (n = 320)	41–65 y (n = 258)	>65 y (n = 195)	P	18–40 y (n = 285)	41–65 y (n = 221)	>65 y (n = 171)	P
BSA, m2	1.90 ± 0.20	1.91 ± 0.20	1.84 ± 0.19	*,†,‡	1.64 ± 0.17	1.69 ± 0.16	1.63 ± 0.17	*,†,§
Heart rate, beats/min	66.4 ± 10.6	66.4 ± 10.3	64.7 ± 10.6	*,†	70.3 ± 11.1	68.4 ± 10.8	69.0 ± 10.0
LVOT diameter, mm	22.3 ± 1.9	21.8 ± 1.8	21.3 ± 1.9	*,†,‡,§	19.6 ± 1.5	19.7 ± 1.5	19.4 ± 1.5
BSA-indexed LVOT diameter, mm/m2	11.8 ± 1.1	11.5 ± 1.3	11.6 ± 1.3	*,§	12.0 ± 1.1	11.7 ± 1.2	12.0 ± 1.4	*,‡,§
LVOT VTI, mm	19.3 ± 2.9	19.9 ± 3.4	20.3 ± 3.7	*,†,§	20.3 ± 3.6	21.0 ± 3.8	21.0 ± 4.1	*,§
Doppler
SV, mL	75.6 ± 16.9	74.2 ± 17.5	72.2 ± 17.2	*,†	61.5 ± 14.0	64.1 ± 14.6	61.8 ± 14.4
BSA-indexed SV, mL/m2	39.7 ± 7.3	39.0 ± 8.2	39.3 ± 8.6		37.4 ± 7.4	38.1 ± 8.1	38.3 ± 9.2
CO, L/min	5.0 ± 1.1	4.9 ± 1.2	4.6 ± 1.2	*,†,‡	4.3 ± 1.0	4.3 ± 1.0	4.2 ± 1.0
Cl, L/min/m2	2.6 ± 0.5	2.6 ± 0.6	2.6 ± 0.7		2.6 ± 0.6	2.6 ± 0.6	2.7 ± 0.6
2D echocardiography
SV, mL	70.7 ± 15.8	63.4 ± 14.7	55.7 ± 12.7	*,†,‡,§	55.2 ± 11.5	52.1 ± 10.7	44.7 ± 9.8	*,†,‡,§
BSA-indexed SV, mL/m2	37.1 ± 6.8	33.2 ± 6.6	30.2 ± 5.9	*,†,‡,§	33.5 ± 5.7	30.9 ± 5.9	27.5 ± 5.7	*,†,‡,§
CO, L/min	4.6 ± 1.0	4.1 ± 0.9	3.6 ± 0.8	*,†,‡,§	3.8 ± 0.9	3.5 ± 0.8	3.1 ± 0.7	*,†,‡,§
Cl, L/min/m2	2.4 ± 0.5	2.2 ± 0.4	1.9 ± 0.4	*,†,‡,§	2.3 ± 0.5	2.1 ± 0.4	1.9 ± 0.4	*,†,‡,§
3D echocardiography
SV, mL	84.4 ± 19.7	77.3 ± 19.1	74.2 ± 16.7	*,†,§	68.5 ± 14.7	66.6 ± 14.6	60.8 ± 13.2	*,†,‡
BSA-indexed SV, mL/m2	44.3 ± 8.7	40.6 ± 9.2	40.4 ± 8.3	*,†,§	41.6 ± 7.4	39.5 ± 8.1	37.6 ± 8.1	*,†,§
CO, L/min	5.5 ± 1.3	5.1 ± 1.2	4.8 ± 1.2	*,†,‡,§	4.8 ± 1.1	4.5 ± 1.0	4.2 ± 0.9	*,†,‡,§
Cl, L/min/m2	2.9 ± 0.6	2.9 ± 0.6	2.6 ± 0.6	*,†,§	2.9 ± 0.6	2.7 ± 0.6	2.6 ± 0.6	*,†,§

Data are expressed as mean ± SD.

VTI, Velocity-time integral.

^*P < .05 (three-way analysis of variance).

^†P < .05 for 18 to 40 years versus >65 years (t test).

^‡P < .05 for 41 to 65 years versus >65 years (t test).

^§P < .05 for 18 to 40 years versus 41 to 65 years (t test).