Table 1.

Examples of miRNA-mediated transcription regulation in human cells.

miRNA	Function	miRNA Target	miRNA Mechanism of Action	References
miR-522	TGS	CYP2E1 promoter	DNA:RNA hybrid with promoter	[24]
miR-223	TGS	NFI-A promoter	DNA:RNA hybrid with promoter	[25]
let-7i	TGA	Interleukin-2 promoter	Binds to TATA-box and enhances promoter activities	[26]
miR-138	TGA	Insulin promoter	Binds to TATA-box and enhances promoter activities	[26]
miR-92a	TGA	Calcitonin promoter	Binds to TATA-box and enhances promoter activities	[26]
miR-181d	TGA	C-myc promoter	Binds to TATA-box and enhances promoter activities	[26]
miR-373	TGA	E-cadherin, CSDC2	Pol II enrichment at promoters	[27]
miR-24-1	TGA	FBP1, FANCC	Chromatin state alteration of the FBP1 enhancer	[28]

TGS-transcriptional gene silencing, TGA-transcriptional gene activation.