Table 1.
Sociodemographic and medical characteristics of 338 participants with ARI in a household (n = 143 households) study of S. pneumoniae (Sp) and S. aureus (Sa) oropharyngeal carriage during the 2013–2014 influenza season in southeast Michigan
| All | Adults | Children | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 338 | 152 | 186 | |
| Age, yr, mean (s.d.) [range] | 22·3 (16·8) [2–70] | 40 (6·5) [21–70] | 7·9 (3·8) [2–17] | |
| Male sex, n (%) | 160 | 54 | 106 | <0·001 |
| High risk*, n (%) | 72 (21·3) | 35 (23) | 26 (14) | 0·03 |
| Daytime activity | <0·001 | |||
| Daycare, n (%) | 34 (10·1) | 0 | 34 (18·2) | |
| School, n (%) | 137 (40·5) | 0 | 137 (73·6) | |
| Stay at home†, n (%) | 60 (17·7) | 45 (29·6) | 15 (8) | |
| Work, n (%) | 107 (31·6) | 107 (70·4) | ||
| No. of visits with ARI, mean (s.d.) | 1·54 (0·92) | 1·59 (0·97) | 1·49 (0·90) | 0·17 |
| Any complete pneumococcal vaccination‡, n (%) | 169 (50) | 20 (13·1) | 149 (80·1) | <0·001 |
| Complete PCV7 vaccination, n (%) | 82 (24·3) | 0 | 82 (44) | |
| Complete PCV13 vaccination, n (%) | 66 (19·5) | 0 | 66 (35·4) | |
| Complete PPV23 vaccination, n (%) | 22 (6·5) | 20 (13·1) | 2§ (1) | |
| Seasonal influenza vaccination, n (%) | 213 (63) | 97 (64) | 116 (62·3) | 0·98 |
| Tested positive for A respiratory virus, n (%) | 224 (66·2) | 96 (63·1) | 128 (68·8) | 0·27 |
| Influenza A/B, n (%) | 35 (10·3) | 18 (11·8) | 17 (9·1) | 0·40 |
ARI, Acute respiratory illness.
*
As defined by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) [28].
†
Including home schooling for children.
‡
Pneumococcal vaccination was considered complete if the participant had received three PCV doses in the first year of life or at least one dose after age 12 months for PCV7 or PCV13, and at least one immunization in the last 10 years for PPV23 [27].
§
One child received both PCV7 and PPV23 vaccinations.