Table 3.
Physician-diagnosed comorbidities during the previous 12 months.
| Comorbidity-related outcome | 12-month chronic cough cohort (n = 389) | Matched non-chronic cough cohort (n = 1164) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| CCI Original | |||
| Mean score (SD) | 0.77 (1.19) | 0.47 (1.06) | <0.001 |
| No. of comorbidities, n (%) a | |||
| 0 | 214 (55.0) | 869 (74.7) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 108 (27.8) | 162 (13.9) | |
| ≥2 | 67 (17.2) | 133 (11.4) | |
| CCI Modified (without COPD) | |||
| Mean score (SD) | 0.50 (1.05) | 0.43 (1.01) | 0.235 |
| No. of comorbidities, n (%) a | |||
| 0 | 277 (71.2) | 893 (76.7) | 0.042 |
| 1 | 69 (17.7) | 149 (12.8) | |
| ≥2 | 43 (11.1) | 122 (10.5) | |
| Comorbidity (responder n b ), n (%) c | |||
| Cancer, any d (1539) | 14 (3.6) | 54 (4.7) | 0.457 |
| Digestive disease, any e (1530) | 124 (32.4) | 193 (16.8) | <0.001 |
| GERD or acid reflux (1544) | 33 (8.5) | 42 (3.6) | <0.001 |
| Heartburn (1544) | 76 (19.6) | 95 (8.2) | <0.001 |
| Liver disease (1535) | 5 (1.3) | 14 (1.2) | 0.893 |
| Cardiovascular disease, any f (1540) | 40 (10.4) | 124 (10.7) | 0.876 |
| Neurological disease, any g (1540) | 14 (3.6) | 14 (1.2) | 0.005 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis (1540) | 24 (6.2) | 39 (3.4) | 0.025 |
| Respiratory disease, anyh (1542) | 267 (69.0) | 391 (33.6) | <0.001 |
| Allergies, any (1542) | 148 (38.2) | 342 (29.6) | 0.002 |
| Asthma (1549) | 66 (17.0) | 78 (6.7) | <0.001 |
| Rhinitis (1541) | 17 (4.4) | 27 (2.3) | 0.055 |
| COPD (1544) | 21 (5.4) | 13 (1.1) | <0.001 |
| Chronic bronchitis (1543) | 86 (22.3) | 33 (2.7) | <0.001 |
| Emphysema (1544) | 4 (1.0) | 8 (0.7) | 0.742 |
| Chronic cough, diagnosed (1541) | 171 (44.2) | 10 (0.9) | <0.001 |
CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GERD: gastroesophageal reflux disease; NHWS: National Health and Wellness Survey; SD: standard deviation.
aValues in the cohort columns indicate the absolute number and percentage (in brackets) of cohort members with variable; percentages were calculated based on the total number of members in the cohort.
bProvides the total number of responders to each question in both cohorts (maximum possible 1553); the remaining respondents declined to respond to this question.
cValues in the cohort columns indicate the absolute number and percentage (in brackets) of cohort members with variable; percentages were based on the number of cohort members who responded to the specific comorbidity question.
dIncludes any tumor, leukemia, lymphoma, and metastatic solid tumors.
eIncludes GERD, acid reflux, heartburn, irritable bowel syndrome (with constipation and/or diarrhea), ulcerative colitis, and active/peptic stomach or duodenal ulcer.
fIncludes congestive heart failure, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease (transient ischemic attack, stroke), and peripheral vascular disease.
gIncludes dementia, current hemiplegia, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson’s disease.
hIncludes asthma, chronic bronchitis, COPD, emphysema, hay fever, physician-diagnosed chronic cough and allergies.