Skip to main content
. 2022 May 30;18:101124. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101124

Table 4.

SES differences in COVID-19 infection risk.


Duration of Workplace Contact
High-risk Workplace Contact
Team Hierarchy
Dependent Variable:
Contact >10 min
COVID-19 positive
High-risk contact
COVID-19 positive
COVID-19 positive
All If contact = 1 Include contact duration controls All If contact = 1 Include high-risk contact controls Include team leader controls
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
Low-SES 0.050*** −0.019 0.006 0.018 0.001 0.005 0.006
(0.014) (0.033) (0.006) (0.011) (0.026) (0.007) (0.007)
Low-SES × Contact at Work 0.122** 0.122** 0.123**
(0.056) (0.052) (0.053)
Contact >10 min 0.180***
(0.021)
High-risk Contact −0.089***
(0.020)
Team Leader × Contact at Work 0.014
(0.013)
Contact at Work 0.072** 0.232*** 0.206***
(0.029) (0.009) (0.013)
Full controls Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
R2 0.069 0.195 0.217 0.075 0.180 0.203 0.198
# Clusters 16 14 16 16 14 16 16
# Observations 4,250 1,252 4,250 4,250 1,252 4,250 4,250
Mean Dependent Var. 0.22 0.74 0.10 0.08 0.29 0.10 0.10

Notes: This table reports the results of the OLS regression of a binary variable equal to 1 if and only if the person was in contact for more than 10 min with a COVID-19 positive person at work (columns 1 and 2), if and only if the person is tested and positive (columns 3, 6 and 7), or if and only if the person had a contact classified as high-risk by its workplace (columns 4 and 5). In columns 2 and 5, the sample is restricted to nurses who were in contact with a COVID-19 positive person at work. Nurses are partitioned into two categories: Low-SES or Mid-/High-SES. The omitted reference group is Mid/High-SES nurses. “Contact at Work” is a binary variable equal to 1 if and only if the person was in contact with an infected person at work (patient or coworker). Full controls include workplace ZIP code and demographic controls reported in Table 2. The regression in column 7 also includes Team Leader fixed effects. Observations are clustered at the workplace ZIP code level. ***, **, * denote significance at the 1%, 5%, and 10% level.