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European Union case definition since 2008 (revised in 2012)
| Criteria | Definition |
|---|---|
| Laboratory | • Isolation of Coxiella burnetii from a clinical specimen |
| • Detection of C. burnetii nucleic acid in a clinical specimen | |
| • C. burnetii specific antibody response (IgG or IgM phase II) | |
| Clinical | • Fever |
| • Pneumonia | |
| • Hepatitis | |
| Epidemiological | • Exposure to a common source |
| • Animal to human transmission |
