Table 5.
Multivariate analyses for severity of case in patients with hand, foot and mouth disease adjusted for sex, age, migratory status, fever, skin lesion, health insurance, medication use and first visit to health facilities, Shenzhen, China (n = 572)
| Characteristics | OR (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||
| Male | 2·763 (0·029–5·275) | 0·663 |
| Female† | ||
| Age (years) | 0·976 (0·586–1·625) | 0·925 |
| Migratory status | 2·452 (1·722–4·327) | 0·015 |
| Migrant | ||
| Local† | ||
| Fever >39°C | 5·774 (2·344–14·225) | 0·000 |
| Yes | ||
| No† | ||
| Skin or mucous membrane lesions within 48 h | 0·045 (0·015–0·130) | 0·000 |
| Yes | ||
| No† | ||
| Type of health facility, first visit | ||
| Private clinic | 2·647 (1·245–5·632) | 0·011 |
| Community health centre | 1·921 (0·455–3·321) | 0·190 |
| District hospital | 1·837 (0·203–6·618) | 0·588 |
| City-level hospital/medical centre† | ||
| Time between onset and first visit (days) | 1·514 (1·194–1·919) | 0·001 |
| Time between onset and diagnosis (days) | 1·486 (1·090–2·025) | 0·012 |
| Insurance status | ||
| Has health insurance | 0·676 (0·434–1·055) | 0·085 |
| Has no insurance† | ||
| Medication within 72 h (answer of ‘no’†) | ||
| (1) Self-medication | 1·313 (0·496–3·475) | 0·584 |
| (2) Any antibiotics use | 0·649 (0·105–4·015) | 0·642 |
| (3) Any antiviral medicine use | 0·811 (0·185–3·568) | 0·782 |
| (4) Any oral antipyretics use | 1·832 (1·155–2·906) | 0·010 |
| (5) Any intramuscular pyrazolone use | 3·364 (2·181–5·187) | 0·000 |
| (6) Any intravenous glucocorticoid use | 2·284 (1·064–4·900) | 0·000 |
| (2)+(3) | 0·979 (0·069–13·979) | 0·988 |
| (2)+(4) | 1·046 (0·828–3·901) | 0·676 |
| (3)+(4) | 1·006 (0·724–2·348) | 0·218 |
| (2)+(3)+4) | 1·083 (0·262–4·299) | 0·208 |
| (5)+(6) | 3·752 (2·324–6·059) | 0·000 |
OR, Odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
†
Reference.