Table 2.
Salmonella enterica outbreaks investigated by the Health Protection Agency's Department of Gastrointestinal and Emerging Infections that had a suspected vehicle of infection, 2000–2011
| Year | Serotype/phage type | No. of cases | Suspected vehicle | Evidence type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | Typhimurium DT104 | 361 | Lettuce – eaten away from home | Case-control study |
| Typhimurium DT204b | 140 | Lettuce – imported | Case-control study | |
| 2001 | Newport | 19 | Pre-packed salad | Descriptive only, insufficient cases. |
| 2002 | Enteritidis PT14b | 381 | Eggs – 3 local retailers | Case-control study |
| 2003 | Bareilly | 175 | Pre-packed egg sandwiches | Case-control study |
| Enteritidis PT14b | 461 | Eggs – eaten away from home | Case-control study | |
| Braenderup | 31 | Salad | Descriptive only, insufficient cases. | |
| 2004 | Newport | 130 | Lettuce – eaten away from home | Case-control study |
| Typhimurium U277 | 87 | Ham | Descriptive only, insufficient cases. | |
| 2005 | Virchow/Infantis | 25 | Eggs | Outbreaks investigated locally. |
| Virchow PT8 | 36 | Chicken | Microbiological evidence: PFGE of human and chicken isolates indistinguishable | |
| Typhimurium DT104 | 71 | Lettuce – eaten away from home | Case-control study | |
| Enteritidis PT11 | 9 | Hedgehogs | Descriptive only, insufficient cases. | |
| 2006 | Ajiobo | 153 | Sandwiches/bagged salad leaves | Case-control study |
| Montevideo | 42 | Chocolate | Microbiological evidence: PFGE of human and chocolate isolates indistinguishable | |
| Enteritidis PT8 | 1255 | Eggs – eaten away from home | Case-control study | |
| 2007 | Seftenburg | 32 | Basil | Microbiological evidence: PFGE of human and basil isolates indistinguishable |
| Schwarzengrund | 90 | Chocolate coated Brazil nuts | Microbiological evidence: PFGE common profile in all cases | |
| Java | 22 | Leaf salad – spinach | Descriptive only, insufficient cases. | |
| Muenchen | 6 | Hummus | Microbiological evidence and insufficient cases | |
| Enteritidis PT1e | 70 | Liquid egg | Multiple local investigations and microbiological evidence: PFGE of human and food isolates indistinguishable | |
| 2008 | Agona PT39 | 109* | Processed meat | Case-control/microbiological |
| Typhimurium DTU321 | 6 | Pre-packed salad | Microbiological evidence: serology and phage typing (PT defined in 2008) found in salad sample as part of local survey, following which 6 cases of the same PT were detected in patients who had reported eating mixed salad leaves. | |
| Typhimurium DT191a | 293 | Reptile feeder mice | Case-case study | |
| Typhimurium DTU320 | 174 | Pre-packaged egg/salad sandwiches | Case-control study | |
| 2009 | Enteritidis PT14b | 152 | Eggs | Case-case study |
| 2010 | Java PT 9b | 130 | Salad vegetables | Case-case study |
| Bareilly | 220 | Bean sprouts | Cohort study (NW)/microbiological: PFGE of human and sprouting seed isolates indistinguishable | |
| Typhimurium DT 8 | 81 | Duck eggs | Descriptive case series: common MLVA profile in cases and food | |
| 2011 | Montevideo | 48 | Suspected – vegetarian foods | Descriptive trawls done, common PFGE pattern in cases (S. Montevideo is very heterogeneous by PFGE) |
| Enteritidis PT14b | 266 | Eggs | Microbiological: common MLVA profile in cases and food | |
| Typhimurium DT8 | 7 | Duck eggs | Microbiological evidence linked to duck eggs (common MLVA profile to 2010 food isolates) |
PFGE, Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis; MLVA, multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis.
*
England and Wales cases only.