Table 2.
Univariate conditional logistic regression for hygiene conditions and behaviours by study site, Haiti 2011
| Gonaives | Carrefour | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exposure (%) | OR | 95% CI | Exposure (%) | OR | 95% CI | |||
| Controls | Cases | Controls | Cases | |||||
| Type/location of toilets | ||||||||
| Toilet inside house | 4·8 | 7·2 | Ref. | 24·9 | 13·6 | Ref. | ||
| Toilet/latrine in garden | 1·2 | 0·0 | — | — | 1·2 | 2·5 | 3·4 | 0·4, 26·8 |
| Latrine in courtyard | 86·7 | 79·5 | 0·7 | 0·2–2·1 | 67·1 | 71·6 | 1·8 | 0·9–3·8 |
| Latrine belonging to neighbour | 7·2 | 12·0 | 1·3 | 0·3–5·2 | 6·4 | 6·2 | 1·6 | 0·4–5·4 |
| Shallow pit in yard | 0·0 | 0·0 | — | — | 0·6 | 4·9 | 11·9* | 1·2–113·9 |
| Other | 0·0 | 1·2 | — | — | 0·0 | 1·2 | — | — |
| Persons using the toilet/latrine | ||||||||
| Only household members | 74·1 | 72·8 | Ref. | 62·3 | 49·4 | Ref. | ||
| Several households | 25·9 | 25·9 | 1·0 | 0·5–1·9 | 36·0 | 45·6 | 1·8 | 1·0–3·3 |
| Anybody | 0·0 | 1·2 | — | — | 1·7 | 5·1 | 5·8 | 1·0–33·4 |
| Latrines were overflowing | 21·7 | 30·8 | 1·3 | 0·7–2·4 | 4·3 | 8·8 | 1·9 | 0·6–6·3 |
| Water available for hand washing at site of latrines | 5·1 | 4·4 | 0·8 | 0·3–2·7 | 8·6 | 2·3 | 0·3 | 0·1–1·2 |
| Soap available for hand washing at site of latrines | 4·5 | 2·2 | 0·5 | 0·1–2·2 | 9·8 | 5·8 | 0·7 | 0·3–1·8 |
| Use of soap for hand washing | 83·1 | 68·5 | 0·4** | 0·2–0·8 | 91·5 | 85·2 | 0·5 | 0·2–1·1 |
| Use of individual place setting to eat | 84·9 | 68·9 | 0·3** | 0·1–0·6 | 91·3 | 86·7 | 0·6 | 0·3–1·4 |
| Using untreated water to wash dishes | 38·9 | 52·2 | 2·1* | 1·2–3·8 | 19·6 | 35·6 | 3·0** | 1·5–6·2 |
| Sources of information on cholera prevention | ||||||||
| Television | 32·8 | 20·0 | 0·4** | 0·2–0·8 | 61·7 | 42·2 | 0·4** | 0·2–0·7 |
| Radio | 75·0 | 66·7 | 0·6 | 0·3–1·1 | 61·7 | 51·1 | 0·6 | 0·3–1·0 |
| Door-to-door | 48·9 | 54·4 | 1·4 | 0·7–2·5 | 27·8 | 28·9 | 1·1 | 0·6–1·9 |
| Theatre | 0·6 | 2·2 | 4·0 | 0·4–44·1 | 0·6 | 0·0 | — | — |
| Posters | 2·8 | 2·2 | 0·8 | 0·2–4·1 | 11·7 | 10·0 | 0·8 | 0·3–2·1 |
| Town crier/sound track | 3·3 | 5·6 | 2·1 | 0·5–9·5 | 8·3 | 10·0 | 1·3 | 0·5–3·2 |
| Training session | 17·2 | 5·6 | 0·3** | 0·1–0·7 | 20·6 | 16·7 | 0·7 | 0·4–1·5 |
| School | 19·4 | 17·8 | 0·9 | 0·4–1·9 | 8·3 | 10·0 | 1·3 | 0·5–3·2 |
| Church | 11·7 | 5·6 | 0·4 | 0·1–1·2 | 11·7 | 3·3 | 0·2* | 0·1–0·8 |
| Other sources of information | 4·4 | 8·9 | 1·3 | 0·4–4·1 | 2·8 | 8·9 | 3·7* | 1·1–12·3 |
OR, Odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
*
P < 0·05, ** P < 0·01, *** P < 0·001 (two-tailed tests).