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. 2022 Mar 24;63(3):749–758. doi: 10.1007/s10840-022-01163-7

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — A Identification of 7 ablation sites around the right (RPV) and left (LPV) pairs of pulmonary veins. Anterior superior: R1, L1. Anterior inferior: R2, L2. Inferior: R3, L3. Posterior inferior: R4, L4. Carina: R5, L5. Posterior superior: R6, L6. Superior: R7, L7. LIPV = left inferior pulmonary vein; LSPV = left superior pulmonary vein; RIPV = right inferior pulmonary vein; RSPV = right superior pulmonary vein. B Example of visualization of CF and DirectSense™ tool on the Rhythmia™ mapping system during ablation. C Point-by-point RF delivery created contiguous ablation spots encircling the PVs. The maximal inter-lesion distance between two neighboring lesions was set ≤ 6 mm and was automatically measured through the Autotag™ software. CF settings were at the individual operator’s discretion, within the range of 5 to 40 g