Table 1.
Sigmoid volvulus patient characteristics according to treatment
| Urgent surgery (n = 27) | Elective surgery (n = 22) | Conservative management (n = 43) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 78.0 (24–92) | 76.5 (28–96) | 85.0 (43–97) | 0.037 a |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 17 (63.0) | 13 (59.1) | 19 (44.2) | 0.254 b |
| Female | 10 (37.0) | 9 (40.9) | 24 (55.8) | |
| ASA score | 0.044 b | |||
| I | 1 (3.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.3) | 0.673 b |
| II | 1 (3.7) | 1 (4.5) | 1 (2.3) | 0.882 b |
| III | 18 (66.7) | 20 (90.9) | 30 (69.8) | 0.110 b |
| IV | 6 (22.2) | 1 (4.5) | 2 (4.7) | 0.035 b |
| V | 1 (3.7) | 0 (0.0) | 9 (20.9) | 0.014 b |
| ASA score > III | 7 (25.9) | 1 (4.5) | 11 (25.6) | 0.101 b |
| Charlson index | 6 (0–11) | 5 (0–11) | 8 (0–13) | 0.008 a |
| Charlson index > 6 | 10 (37.0) | 8 (36.4) | 33 (76.7) | < 0.001 b |
| Comorbid conditions | ||||
| Neurological disorder | 3 (11.1) | 5 (22.7) | 11 (25.6) | 0.334 b |
| Hypertension | 12 (44.4) | 12 (54.5) | 30 (69.8) | 0.101 b |
| Myocardial infarction | 1 (3.7) | 2 (9.1) | 2 (4.7) | 0.677 b |
| Chronic heart failure | 4 (14.8) | 4 (18.2) | 13 (30.2) | 0.274 b |
| Diabetes mellitus | 6 (22.2) | 4 (18.2) | 12 (27.9) | 0.665 b |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 6 (22.2) | 5 (22.7) | 6 (14.0) | 0.577 b |
| Chronic renal failure | 4 (14.8) | 1 (4.5) | 7 (16.3) | 0.392 b |
| Dementia | 11 (40.7) | 7 (31.8) | 29 (67.4) | 0.011 b |
| Bedridden | 14 (51.9) | 11 (50.0) | 34 (79.1) | 0.020 b |
| Previous neoplasm | 2 (7.4) | 3 (13.6) | 8 (18.6) | 0.423 b |
| Chronic constipation | 21 (77.8) | 15 (68.2) | 42 (97.7) | 0.004 b |
| Previous abdominal surgery | 5 (18.5) | 5 (22.7) | 11 (25.6) | 0.791 b |
| Presentation | ||||
| Abdominal pain | 26 (96.3) | 20 (90.9) | 37 (86.0) | 0.370 b |
| Obstipation | 26 (96.3) | 22 (100.0) | 42 (97.7) | 0.673 b |
| Abdominal distension | 27 (100.0) | 22 (100.0) | 43 (100.0) | - |
| Digestive bleeding | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.5) | 1 (2.3) | 0.553 b |
| Gangrene | 10 (37.0) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (16.3) | 0.004 b |
| Septic shock | 4 (14.8) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (11.6) | 0.190 b |
| Diagnostic tests | ||||
| Abdominal X-ray | 27 (100.0) | 22 (100.0) | 43 (100.0) | - |
| CT scan | 16 (59.3) | 11 (50.0) | 20 (46.5) | 0.579 b |
Boldface was used to highlight those significative p-values (lower than 0.05)
Statistics presented as median (min–max) or n (%)
ASA American Society of Anaesthesiologists
P values: aKruskal-Wallis test, bPearson’s χ2 test