Table 3.

Multivariable analysis results for associations between occupational exposures and becoming a case of COVID-19 by study period, England, August–October 2020

	Period 1				Period 2				Period 3
Work exposure	Odds ratio*	95% CI		P value	Odds ratio*	95% CI		P value	Odds ratio*	95% CI		P value
Warehousea	1.18	0.39	3.55	0.765	5.29	1.87	14.97	0.002	15.17	4.57	50.37	<0.001
Social careb	5.68	3.52	9.18	<0.001	4.94	2.85	8.56	<0.001	2.42	1.34	4.35	0.003
Hospitalityc	2.87	1.73	4.75	<0.001	2.93	1.81	4.74	<0.001	2.14	1.34	3.42	0.001
Healthcared	2.83	1.98	4.05	<0.001	2.73	1.94	3.83	<0.001	3.09	2.2	4.35	<0.001
Constructione	1.37	0.82	2.27	0.229	1.99	1.29	3.06	0.002	2.65	1.79	3.93	<0.001
Educationf	0.3	0.19	0.47	<0.001	1.62	1.25	2.11	<0.001	2.03	1.59	2.6	<0.001
Transportg	1.07	0.57	1.99	0.838	0.78	0.47	1.3	0.348	2.13	0.91	5	0.081
Emergency servicesh	0.59	0.28	1.23	0.157	1.84	0.59	5.73	0.293	1.98	0.71	5.52	0.194
Close contact servicesi	2.92	1.11	7.68	0.03	1.11	0.4	3.04	0.843	1.24	0.83	1.86	0.293
Retailj	0.84	0.56	1.25	0.391	1.01	0.68	1.52	0.945	1.78	1.05	3.03	0.032
Work-related travelk	0.39	0.18	0.82	0.013	0.78	0.37	1.62	0.498	0.48	0.23	1	0.05
Arts, entertainment, recreationl	0.86	0.39	1.93	0.719	0.75	0.4	1.43	0.387	1.61	0.77	3.38	0.204
Immigration servicesm	1.34	0.07	25.6	0.845	0.3	0.03	3.52	0.337	2.6	0.1	66.58	0.564
Militaryn	0.05	0	3.45	0.162	6.53	1.16	36.81	0.033	4.8	0.86	26.89	0.075
Food production and agricultureo	1.2	0.41	3.54	0.742	1.84	0.85	3.97	0.121	0.9	0.36	2.24	0.814

^aWorking in warehouse settings – including working in warehouse, haulage, wholesale or food distribution.

^bWorking in social care – including care homes, domiciliary care, in-home carers and health visitors.

^cWorking in hospitality – including restaurants, food and drink outlets and lodging.

^dWorking in healthcare – including hospitals, GPs, drop-in clinics, GPs, community hospitals, ambulance services and other healthcare professions.

^eWorking in manufacturing or construction – including construction labour or office-based roles, other construction professions, and manufacturing jobs in textiles, electronics, cars, furniture, pharmaceuticals, chemical plants, printing, engineering.

^fEducation – working only: applicable to childminder, nursery, primary school, secondary school and sixth form and working or attending applicable to university, higher education and special needs educational settings.

^gWorking in transport – including working in underground or tram, trains, buses and logistics and storage.

^hWorking in emergency services – including fire services, police and other emergency services.

ⁱWorking in close contact services – including barbers, hairdressers, beauty and nail salons, make-up studios, tattoo studios, spas and wellness business, tanning salons and any other services which require close contact.

^jWorking in retail – working in retail stores, supermarkets, newsagents, food stores and other retail-related professions.

^kWork-related travel – including attending conferences, door-to-door sales, home care visits and visiting clients or sites.

^lWorking in arts, entertainment or recreation – including music, theatre, gyms, cinema, leisure centres.

^mWorking in immigration or border force services – including office-based and people facing professions.

ⁿWorking in the military – including the Navy, the Army and the Air Force.

^oWorking in food production – including farming and agriculture, any food manufacturing and food production.

*Adjusted for age, sex, region, ethnicity, index of multiple deprivation and leisure activities.