Table 2.
HCV prevalence by risk factors and study traits, in 12 studies across Europe, 1990–2007*
| n | HCV prevalence | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Study design | |||
| Seroprevalence survey | 5880 | 85·4 | 82·0–86·9 |
| Diagnostic testing | 2599 | 74·1 | 72·5–75·8 |
| Recruitment setting | |||
| Drug-treatment centre | 4422 | 74·4 | 73·1–75·6 |
| Low-threshold services | 2736 | 42·1 | 40·2–43·9 |
| Other | 1321 | 69·8 | 67·3–72·3 |
| HIV serostatus | |||
| HIV positive | 740 | 89·1 | 86·8–91·3 |
| HIV negative | 6035 | 63·7 | 62·5–64·9 |
| Gender | |||
| Female | 1606 | 53·1 | 50·7–55·6 |
| Male | 6570 | 66·8 | 65·6–67·9 |
| Injection in the last month | |||
| Yes | 2934 | 67·0 | 65·3–68·7 |
| No | 2867 | 56·7 | 54·9–58·5 |
| Duration of injecting | |||
| <12 months | 774 | 25·2 | 22·1–28·3 |
| 1–2 years | 562 | 37·5 | 33·5–41·6 |
| 2–5 years | 1570 | 53·6 | 51·1–56·0 |
| 5–10 years | 2250 | 67·7 | 65·7–69·6 |
| >10 years | 3082 | 80·1 | 78·7–81·5 |
| Frequency of recent injection (available for 4 studies†) | |||
| <weekly | 666 | 42·6 | 38·9–46·4 |
| 1–6 days a week | 657 | 53·0 | 49·1–56·8 |
| ⩾daily | 2001 | 64·2 | 62·1–66·3 |
CI, Confidence interval.
*
All association were statistically significant with P < 0·01.
†
Frequency of recent injection available for studies: Czech Republic (1), Poland, Spain and Scotland.