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. 2022 May 17;13:856104. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.856104

TABLE 3.

Roles of selected miRNAs in childhood asthma.

MiRNAs Targets Expression Functions Ref
Let-7 family Downregulation ↓ IL-13 downregulation (Karam and Abd Elrahman, 2019; Huang et al., 2020)
miR-155 IL-4,IL-5, IL-13, IL-17a,CTLA-4, CD4+ T Upregulation ↑ Enhanced inflammation and mucus secretion regulation of T-cell activation influence on proliferative response (Zhou et al., 2016a; Zhang et al., 2017)
miR-210 Inhibition of Treg function Long et al. (2016)
miR-181a Augmenting sensitivity of T cells to peptide antigens
miR-21, miR-19a Upregulation ↑ Promoting differentiation of T cells towards Th2 (Sawant et al., 2013; Long et al., 2016)
miR-221-3p PTEN Upregulation ↑ IL-4 upregulation Zhou et al. (2016b)
miR-1248 Upregulation ↑ IL-5 upregulation
miR-146a/b, miR-28-5p Upregulation ↑ IL-5 inhibition downregulate miR-146a/b and miR-28-5p expression and activate CD8+ T cells (Tsitsiou et al., 2012; Yang et al., 2017)
miR-323-3p, miR-181a, miR-26a SMAD2, SMAD3 Upregulation ↑ TGF-β-dependent signaling pathway modulation Kärner et al. (2017)
miR-513-5p, miR-22-3p, miR-625-5p Upregulation ↑ Inhibition of Th1 cytokines including IL-12, and interferon-γ Dong et al. (2016)
miR-221, miR-485-3p Downregulate Spred-2 Liu et al. (2012)
miR-1 Downregulation ↓ Inhibits the secretion of IL-4, -5, -8, TNF-α; regulates Th1/Th2 balance Tian et al. (2018)
miR-218-5p CTNND2 Downregulation ↓ Inhibits bronchial hyperresponsiveness, eosinophilic airway inflammation Liang et al. (2020)