TABLE 3.
Roles of selected miRNAs in childhood asthma.
| MiRNAs | Targets | Expression | Functions | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Let-7 family | — | Downregulation ↓ | IL-13 downregulation | (Karam and Abd Elrahman, 2019; Huang et al., 2020) |
| miR-155 | IL-4,IL-5, IL-13, IL-17a,CTLA-4, CD4+ T | Upregulation ↑ | Enhanced inflammation and mucus secretion regulation of T-cell activation influence on proliferative response | (Zhou et al., 2016a; Zhang et al., 2017) |
| miR-210 | — | Inhibition of Treg function | Long et al. (2016) | |
| miR-181a | — | Augmenting sensitivity of T cells to peptide antigens | ||
| miR-21, miR-19a | — | Upregulation ↑ | Promoting differentiation of T cells towards Th2 | (Sawant et al., 2013; Long et al., 2016) |
| miR-221-3p | PTEN | Upregulation ↑ | IL-4 upregulation | Zhou et al. (2016b) |
| miR-1248 | Upregulation ↑ | IL-5 upregulation | ||
| miR-146a/b, miR-28-5p | Upregulation ↑ | IL-5 inhibition downregulate miR-146a/b and miR-28-5p expression and activate CD8+ T cells | (Tsitsiou et al., 2012; Yang et al., 2017) | |
| miR-323-3p, miR-181a, miR-26a | SMAD2, SMAD3 | Upregulation ↑ | TGF-β-dependent signaling pathway modulation | Kärner et al. (2017) |
| miR-513-5p, miR-22-3p, miR-625-5p | Upregulation ↑ | Inhibition of Th1 cytokines including IL-12, and interferon-γ | Dong et al. (2016) | |
| miR-221, miR-485-3p | Downregulate Spred-2 | Liu et al. (2012) | ||
| miR-1 | — | Downregulation ↓ | Inhibits the secretion of IL-4, -5, -8, TNF-α; regulates Th1/Th2 balance | Tian et al. (2018) |
| miR-218-5p | CTNND2 | Downregulation ↓ | Inhibits bronchial hyperresponsiveness, eosinophilic airway inflammation | Liang et al. (2020) |