FIGURE 2.

Inactivation of YAP1 promotes drug resistance to chemo- and targeted therapy in FLT3-ITD⁺ AML cells. (A–C) YAP1 expression was measured by RT-qPCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence in sorafenib-resistant cells and the parental cells of MV4-11 and MOLM13. (D) YAP1 expression was analyzed in resistant FLT3-ITD⁺ AML patients (n = 5, red) and sensitive FLT3-ITD⁺ AML patients (n = 5, blue). (E) Cell growth inhibition of YO and NC cells was calculated after 48 h of treatment with serial dilutions of homoharringtonine (HHT), cytarabine (Ara-C), and sorafenib. (F) YO and NC cells were treated with HHT (10 nM), Ara-C (1.2 μM), and sorafenib (50 nM or 100 nM) for 24 h to measure apoptosis by flow cytometry. Data are shown as mean ± SD; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.