Table 4.
Comparison of the Lifestyle Factors and Psychological Stress in Elderly and Non-elderly Patients between Pre-lockdown and Lockdown Periods.
| Non-elderly patients (n=382) | Elderly patients (n=69) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-lockdown | During lockdown | p value | Pre-lockdown | During lockdown | p value | ||
| Lifestyle | |||||||
| Sleeping time | |||||||
| Median (IQR) (h/day) | 6 (6-7) | 6 (6-7) | <0.01 | 6 (6-7) | 6 (6-7) | <0.05 | |
| <7 h/day, n (%) | 223 (58.4%) | 201 (52.6%) | <0.01 | 35 (50.7%) | 37 (53.6%) | 0.48 | |
| ≥7 h/day, n (%) | 159 (41.6%) | 181 (47.4%) | 34 (49.3%) | 32 (46.4%) | |||
| Working time | |||||||
| Working time (h/week), median (IQR) | 40 (10-45) | 25 (0-40) | <0.01 | 0 (0-4) | 0 (0-0) | 0.058 | |
| <20 h/week | 113 (29.6%) | 169 (44.2%) | <0.01 | 57 (82.6%) | 58 (84.1%) | 1 | |
| 20-40 h/week | 65 (17.0%) | 59 (15.4%) | 8 (11.6%) | 7 (10.1%) | |||
| ≥40 h/week | 204 (53.4%) | 154 (40.3%) | 4 (5.8%) | 4 (5.8%) | |||
| Walking time | |||||||
| Walking time (h/day), median (IQR) | 1 (1-1) | 1 (0-1) | <0.01 | 1 (1-1) | 1 (1-1) | 0.582 | |
| <0.5 h/day, n (%) | 72 (18.8%) | 116 (30.4%) | <0.01 | 11 (15.9%) | 15 (21.7%) | 0.595 | |
| 0.5-2 h/day, n (%) | 219 (57.3%) | 205 (53.7%) | 46 (66.7%) | 40 (58.0%) | |||
| ≥2 h/day, n (%) | 91 (23.8%) | 61 (16.0%) | 12 (17.4%) | 14 (20.3%) | |||
| Exercise time | |||||||
| Exercise time (min/week), median (IQR) | 15 (0-120) | 0 (0-77.5) | <0.01 | 90 (0-240) | 60 (0-210) | 0.889 | |
| <30 min/week, n (%) | 200 (52.4%) | 222 (58.1%) | <0.01 | 24 (34.8%) | 27 (39.1%) | 0.45 | |
| ≥30 min/week, n (%) | 182 (47.6%) | 160 (41.9%) | 45 (65.2%) | 42 (60.9%) | |||
| Number of meals per day, median (IQR) | 3 (2-3) | 3 (2-3) | 0.482 | 3 (3-3) | 3 (3-3) | NA | |
| Adequate rest, n (%) | 95 (24.9%) | 76 (19.9%) | <0.01 | 106 (23.5%) | 85 (18.8%) | 0.617 | |
| Non-adherence, n (%) | 92 (24.1%) | 88 (23.0%) | 0.289 | 10 (14.5%) | 10 (14.5%) | 1 | |
| Stress | |||||||
| Stress due to childcare burden, n (%) | 41 (10.7%) | 40 (10.5%) | 1 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | NA | |
| Stress due to COVID-19, n (%) | 92 (24.1%) | 107 (28.0%) | <0.01 | 13 (18.8%) | 14 (20.3%) | 1 | |
| Stress due to family budget, n (%) | 70 (18.3%) | 74 (19.4%) | 0.48 | 3 (4.3%) | 5 (7.2%) | 0.480 | |
| Stress due to inability to exercise, n (%) | 113 (29.6%) | 131 (34.3%) | <0.01 | 15 (21.7%) | 18 (26.1%) | 0.371 | |
| Stress due to staying indoors, n (%) | 81 (21.2%) | 108 (28.3%) | <0.01 | 10 (14.5%) | 13 (18.8%) | 0.371 | |
| Stress due to inflammatory bowel disease, n (%) | 83 (21.7%) | 82 (21.5%) | 1 | 9 (13.0%) | 9 (13.0%) | 1 | |
| Stress due to worsening of diet and nutritional status, n (%) | 34 (8.9%) | 34 (8.9%) | 1 | 6 (8.7%) | 5 (7.2%) | 1 | |
COVID-19: coronavirus disease 2019, IQR: interquartile range, NA: not available