Table 1. Glossary of selected terminology.

Terms highlighted here are either defined in a unique way for this community or are important for appreciating the text. For detailed definitions, see Craddock et al., 2016, and the Brainhack Jupyter Book Glossary.

Term	Definition
Open Science	Movement and practices within science aimed at increasing the transparency, accessibility, diversity, and inclusivity of scientific practices and output. This is often reflected in open science practices, such as publishing open access manuscripts, making research data Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR), open sourcing code and software, etc.
Hackathon	The term hackathon is a portmanteau of “hacking” and “marathon”. Traditionally, it is an event where people and teams gather to collaboratively work on projects over the course of multiple days. These events often historically feature competitions between teams. Brainhacks instead emphasize collaboration over competition.
Hacking	In this context, hacking does not indicate trying to break into computer systems by breaching security. It instead refers to tinkering with a system to better understand its working, and subsequently laying a foundation for its advancement.
Unconference	This refers to a short session in which participants present either their research or prompt a discourse on any topic of interest in an informal setting. The content of an unconference may be decided impromptu and is often inspired by ongoing team discussions during the course of the brainhack.
TrainTrack	A series of educational workshops that run in parallel with the projects enabling attendees to acquire specific skills during the course of their projects. The content of TrainTrack ranges from tutorials teaching skills useful to successfully navigate diverse projects in the Brainhack (such as code version control using Git) to more generalized education relevant to neuroscientific research (like MATLAB, BIDS, etc.).