Table 2.
Baseline parameters according to frequency of AECOPD in the year before (first line, n = 271) and after (second line, n = 178) baseline
| AECOPD events, n |
p value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | >1 | ||
| Patients, n | 131 | 75 | 65 | |
| 110 | 44 | 24 | ||
|
| ||||
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27 (23–31) | 26 (22–29) | 24 (20–28) | 0.018 |
| 27 (23–30) | 25 (23–28) | 25 (23–28) | 0.239 | |
|
| ||||
| Pack years of smoking | 40 (25–53) | 50 (36–60) | 40 (30–58) | 0.013 |
| 40 (30–60) | 40 (30–53) | 40 (29–58) | 0.981 | |
|
| ||||
| Heart rate, beats per minute | 75 (±14) | 81 (±12) | 85 (±14) | <0.001* |
| 75 (±13) | 80 (±12) | 86 (±12) | <0.001* | |
|
| ||||
| Oxygen saturation breathing room air, % | 95 (93–96) | 95 (91–96) | 94 (93–96) | 0.098 |
| 95 (94–96) | 94 (92–95) | 94 (91–96) | 0.027 | |
|
| ||||
| FEV1% predicted | 57 (43–75) | 36 (30–55) | 33 (26–44) | <0.001 |
| 54 (39–70) | 44 (32–63) | 29 (26–38) | <0.001 | |
|
| ||||
| CAT-score | 14 (±7) | 16 (±7) | 19 (±7) | <0.001* |
| 14 (±7) | 14 (±6) | 16 (±6) | 0.362* | |
|
| ||||
| SF-6D V1 | 0.73 (0.63–0.81) | 0.70 (0.61–0.79) | 0.64 (0.56–0.70) | <0.001 |
| 0.75 (0.62–0.83) | 0.69 (0.61–0.78) | 0.69 (0.59–0.81) | 0.384 | |
|
| ||||
| SF-6D V2 | 0.73 (0.62–0.81) | 0.69 (0.59–0.80) | 0.63 (0.56–0.72) | <0.001 |
| 0.73 (0.61–0.83) | 0.71 (0.61–0.79) | 0.70 (0.57–0.81) | 0.481 | |
|
| ||||
| GOLD | 2 (2–3) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (3–4) | <0.001** |
| 2 (2–3) | 3 (2–3) | 4 (3–4) | <0.001** | |
|
| ||||
| MMRC | 1 (1–2) | 2 (1–2) | 2 (2–3) | <0.001** |
| 1 (1–2) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 0.016** | |
|
| ||||
| Number of COPD medications | 2 (1–3) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (3–4) | <0.001 |
| 2 (1–3) | 3 (2–3) | 3 (3–4) | <0.001 | |
|
| ||||
| Platelet count, ×109/L | 249 (±69) | 268 (±74) | 287 (±71) | <0.001* |
| 258 (±77) | 273 (±70) | 259 (±54) | 0.638* | |
|
| ||||
| Bilirubin, µmol/L | 7 (6–10) | 8 (6–10) | 6 (5–8) | 0.008 |
| 7 (5–10) | 9 (6–11) | 6 (5–7) | 0.334 | |
|
| ||||
| IgM, g/L | 0.9 (0.6–1.3) | 0.9 (0.6–1.3) | 0.6 (0.4–0.9) | 0.007 |
| 0.7 (0.5–1.2) | 0.8 (0.7–1.2) | 0.8 (0.5–1.4) | 0.529 | |
|
| ||||
| IgE, IU/mL* | 46 (17–128) | 79 (30–164) | 37 (19–99) | 0.032 |
|
| ||||
| 55 (19–131) | 48 (22–129) | 68 (30–164) | 0.503 | |
|
| ||||
| IgG, g/L | 9.7 (±3.1) | 8.8 (±2.3) | 8.6 (±2.4) | 0.005* |
| 9.5 (±2.3) | 9.0 (±2.4) | 9.1 (±2.4) | 0.325* | |
|
| ||||
| lgG2, g/L | 3.0 (2.0–3.9) | 2.6 (1.9–3.3) | 2.3 (1.6–2.9) | 0.002 |
| 2.8 (1.9–3.9) | 2.7 (2.3–3.4) | 2.2 (1.6–2.7) | 0.089 | |
|
| ||||
| Patients with TT genotype of rs8099917, n (%) | 33 (42) | 28 (35) | 18 (23) | OR 0.7 (0.4–1.4)↑ |
| 35 (66) | 12 (23) | 6 (11) | ||
|
| ||||
| Patients with TG genotype of rs8099917, n (%) | 42 (43) | 29 (29) | 27 (28) | |
| 38 (68) | 9 (16) | 9 (16) | ||
|
| ||||
| Patients with GG genotype of rs8099917, n (%) | 0 (0) | 1 (25) | 3 (75) | OR 8.8 (0.9–87)↑↑ |
| 0 (0) | 1 (100) | 0 (0) | ||
Unless otherwise stated, mean (± standard deviation) or median (interquartile range) values are given. p refers to the overall comparison between patients with 0, 1, or >1 AECOPD. AECOPD, acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GOLD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; BMI, body mass index; OR, odds ratio. Kruskal-Wallis or
*
ANOVA
**
χ2-test, *** Fisher's test
↑
OR and 95% confidence interval for >1 exacerbations TT versus TG/GG.
↑↑
Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for >1 exacerbations GG versus TT/TG.