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. 2022 Jan 10;25(5):412–424. doi: 10.1093/ijnp/pyac004

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© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of CINP.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 1. — Expression of miRNAs involved in the cue-induced incubation of morphine craving. (A) An illustrated representation of the morphine conditioned place preference (CPP) training timeline. (B) The influence of morphine dose and test day on morphine CPP score. The between-subjects assessment was performed on 9 groups of mice (n = 8 per group), where each group was tested on a single withdrawal day. **P < .01 vs T1 group. (C) Within-subjects assessments were performed on 3 groups of mice (n = 8 per group), and each group was separately tested at withdrawal 1 (WD1) and WD14. **P < .01 vs T1 group. (D) The heatmap shows clusters of miRNAs differentially expressed between WD1 and WD14 samples. (E) A volcano plot to show the significantly differentially expressed miRNAs in WD1 as compared with WD14. Green dots show overexpressed miRNAs and red dots show underexpressed miRNAs. (F) The expression of 8 downregulated miRNAs in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) on WD1 and WD14 (n = 3). *P < .05; ***P < .001. (G) Two subdivisions of the NAc: core (NAcC) (red arrows) and shell (NAcSh) (blue arrows). (H) The expression of miR-592-3p in NAcC or NAcSh with test, ***P < .001 vs T1 group. (I) The expression of miR-592-3p in NAcC or NAcSh without test.