Table 4.

Comparison of problems or interventions by race

	Race	Mean	Standard deviation	Minimum	Maximum	ANOVA comparison	Tukey HSD test
							Black	White
Length of verbal communication (minutes)	Asian	22.89	2.1	20.75	25.03	*	*	*
	Black	20.3	7.9	11.05	32.75			*
	White	24.3	8.8	10.58	46.23
Utterance of verbal communication	Asian	233.5	15.5	218	249	*	*	*
	Black	214	103.9	114	405			**
	White	277.38	108.6	90	562
Identified problems through verbal communications	Asian	6.5	1.5	5	8	*	*	*
	Black	10.71	5.3	4	22			NS
	White	9.85	6	2	23
Identified interventions through verbal communications	Asian	18.5	4.5	14	23	*	*	*
	Black	22.57	12.5	11	49			NS
	White	22.69	10	8	45
Proportion of problem not documented in EHR (%)	Asian	38.46	1.3	37.5	40	**	**	**
	Black	65.33	24.0	11.11	88.89			***
	White	32.81	23.6	0	84.62
Proportion of intervention not documented in EHR (%)	Asian	27.62	5.9	14.29	26.1	*	*	**
	Black	23.42	20.6	0	62.5			*
	White	18.64	13.1	0	43.33

Note: Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey HSD tests.

ANOVA: analysis of variance; EHR: electronic health record; HSD: honestly significant difference; NS: not statistically significant.

P-value < .05, **P-value < .01, ***P-value < .0001.