Table 1.
Patient Demographics and Site Data
| Variable | ECT | Ketamine |
|---|---|---|
| (n = 91) | (n = 95) | |
| Study sites | ||
| Lund | 58 | 56 |
| Malmö | 11 | 14 |
| Örebro | 12 | 11 |
| Helsingborg | 9 | 9 |
| Linköping | 1 | 4 |
| Halmstad | 0 | 1 |
| Demographics | ||
| Mean age, y (range) | 50 ± 18 (20–85) | 55 ± 18 (18–84) |
| Female sex | 58/91 (64%) | 61/95 (64%) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.6 ± 5.7 | 25.5 ± 4.2 |
| Major depressive disordera | ||
| Single episode, moderate (32.1) | 6 (7%) | 2 (2%) |
| Single episode, severe without psychotic features (32.2) | 25 (27%) | 26 (27%) |
| Single episode, severe with psychotic features (32.3) | 6 (7%) | 11 (12%) |
| Single episode, unspecified (32.9) | 1 (1%) | 4 (4%) |
| Recurrent, moderate (33.1) | 13 (14%) | 13 (14%) |
| Recurrent, severe, without psychotic features (33.2) | 31 (34%) | 31 (33%) |
| Recurrent, severe, with psychotic features (33.3) | 8 (9%) | 7 (7%) |
| Recurrent, unspecified (33.9) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) |
| Mixed anxiety-depressive disorder (41.2) | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) |
| Psychotic symptoms present | 14/91 (15%) | 18/95 (19%) |
| Additional psychiatric diagnosis | 28 (31%) | 31 (33%) |
| History | ||
| Previous ECT | 34/91 (37%) | 40/95 (42%) |
| Good effect of previous ECT | 24/34 (71%) | 26/39 (67%) |
| Previous psychotherapy | 61/89 (69%) | 51/93 (55%) |
| Duration of current episode (wk)b | 14 (8–14) | 14 (8–28) |
| Number of previous episodes | 3 (1–6.5) | 3 (1–7.5) |
| First depressive episodeb | 12/91 (13%) | 12/88 (14%) |
| Previous suicide attempt | 46/90 (51%) | 38/95 (40%) |
| Previous serious suicide attempt | 40/44 (91%) | 29/38 (76%) |
| Number of previous suicide attemptsb | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–2) |
| Self-harm | 21/89 (24%) | 12/92 (13%) |
| Family history (first-degree relative) | ||
| Alcoholism | 12/91 (13%) | 12/95 (13%) |
| Depression | 37/91 (41%) | 44/95 (46%) |
| Bipolarity | 7/91 (8%) | 6/95 (9%) |
| Schizophrenia | 3/91 (3%) | 1/95 (1%) |
| Suicide | 8/91 (9%) | 7/95 (7%) |
| Obsessive compulsive disorder | 3/91 (3%) | 1/95 (1%) |
| Drugs used at the time of inclusion | ||
| Mood stabilizers | 15 (16%) | 9 (9%) |
| Antidepressants | 77 (85%) | 75(79%) |
| Anxiolytics | 63 (69%) | 58 (61%) |
| Antipsychotics | 20 (24%) | 18 (19%) |
| Central stimulants | 1 (1%) | 1 (1%) |
| Hypnotics | 68 (75%) | 61 (64%) |
| None | 5 (6%) | 6 (6%) |
| Recently prescribed drugsc | ||
| Mood stabilizers | 6 (7%) | 4 (4%) |
| Antidepressants | 40 (44%) | 41 (43%) |
| Anxiolytics | 35 (38%) | 39 (41%) |
| Antipsychotics | 17 (19%) | 13 (14%) |
| Hypnotics | 33 (36%%) | 44 (46%) |
| None | 32 (35%) | 29 (31%) |
Abbreviations: ECT, electroconvulsive therapy. Shown are the number of patients included per site, the prevalence of different diagnoses, and demographic data, including family history and medical history. Values are mean ± SD or number of patients (percentages in parenthesis).
a Sub-diagnoses are according to the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems–Tenth Revision (ICD-10).
b Indicates median value (with interquartile range in parenthesis). Outcome per site is presented in supplementary Table 4 in the Appendix.
c Drugs prescribed between the period 4 weeks prior to and 2 weeks after the date of inclusion.